The primary muscle responsible for lip closure during swallowing is:
Palatoglossus
Orbicularis oris
Buccinator
Masseter
Which structure prevents anterior spillage of the bolus?
Vagus reflex pathways
Epiglottis
Lips & labial musculature
Uvula
The oral preparatory stage is under control of:
Vagus reflex pathways
Voluntary cortical control
Brainstem only
Cerebellum only
The muscle that elevates and retracts the velum during oral transit is:
Lips & labial musculature
Palatopharyngeus
Levator veli palatini
Palatoglossus
Buccinator function during swallowing is to:
Prevent pocketing in the lateral sulci
Close the velopharyngeal port
Elevate the larynx
Propel the bolus through the Upper Esophageal Sphincter
Tongue elevation against the hard palate is primarily achieved by the:
Styloglossus
Genioglossus
Palatoglossus
Hyoglossus
A reduced anterior–posterior tongue movement affects which stage?
None
Oral transit
Esophageal
Pharyngeal
The oral transit stage ends when:
Velum closes
Tongue base meets posterior pharyngeal wall
Hyoid elevates
Bolus enters valleculae
Mastication is MOST dependent on which cranial nerve?
CN Xll
CN VII
CN V
CN lX
Reduced lingual lateralization would MOST affect:
Bolus formation
Upper Esophageal Sphincter opening
Epiglottic inversion
Laryngeal closure
The pharyngeal swallow is primarily triggered when the bolus reaches the:
Faucial pillars
Velum
Palatine tonsil
Buccinator muscle
Velopharyngeal closure prevents:
Aspiration
Nasal regurgitation
Cricopharyngeal spasm
Globus sensation
The muscle forming the primary structure of the Upper Esophageal Sphincter is the:
Cricopharyngeus
Aryepiglottic muscle
Thyroepiglottic muscle
Stylopharyngeus
Hyolaryngeal elevation contributes MOST to:
Airway closure & Upper Esophageal Sphincter opening
Velopharyngeal seal
Tongue base retraction
Nasal airflow
Laryngeal closure during swallowing proceeds in what order?
True folds → arytenoids → epiglottic tilt
Epiglottis → arytenoids → true vocal folds
Epiglottis → arytenoids → true vocal folds
True vocal folds → false vocal folds → laryngeal vestibule
Epiglottic inversion occurs primarily due to:
Preventing pocketing in the lateral sulci
Airway closure & Upper Esophageal Sphincter opening
Tongue base retraction & laryngeal elevation
Contraction of the epiglottic muscle
