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What are the two main groups of minerals?
Macrominerals and trace minerals.
What is the difference between macrominerals and trace minerals?
Macrominerals are needed in large amounts; trace minerals are needed in very small amounts.
Give two examples of macrominerals.
calcium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium
Give two examples of trace minerals.
iron, fluoride, iodine and zinc
Which group does iron belong to?
Trace minerals.
Which group does calcium belong to?
Macrominerals
Do we need minerals in large or small amounts compared to carbohydrates?
Small amounts.
Name two sources of calcium.
Milk, cheese, yoghurt, Green vegetables / tinned fish with bones / fortified cereals.
Which vitamin helps the body absorb calcium?
Vitamin D.
What is the main function of calcium in children?
Builds strong bones and teeth.
Name a childhood disease caused by calcium deficiency.
Rickets
Name a disease in older adults linked to low calcium intake.
Osteoporosis.
What happens to bones in osteoporosis?
They become weak and break easily.
Give one symptom of rickets.
Bow legs / soft bones / frequent fractures.
Name a fortified food that may contain calcium.
Breakfast cereals / bread.
What mineral is mainly responsible for strong bones?
Calcium
