Which group does calcium belong to?
Macrominerals
What type of mineral is iron?
Trace mineral.
Do we need minerals in large or small amounts compared to carbohydrates?
Small amounts.
State one function of sodium in the body.
It controls water balance in the body. (Also acceptable: supports nerve and muscle function.)
Name two sources of calcium.
Milk, cheese, yoghurt, Green vegetables / tinned fish with bones / fortified cereals.
Name a childhood disease caused by calcium deficiency.
Rickets
What are the two main groups of minerals?
Macrominerals and trace minerals.
Name a disease in older adults linked to low calcium intake.
Osteoporosis.
Give two examples of macrominerals.
calcium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium
What condition is caused by Vitamin A deficiency?
Night blindness.
Why do teenage girls need more iron?
Due to blood loss during menstruation.
Name a fortified food that may contain calcium.
Breakfast cereals / bread.
What is the main function of iron?
To make haemoglobin.
Name one disease caused by Vitamin D deficiency.
Rickets (in children). (Also acceptable: osteomalacia in adults.)
Which vitamin helps the body absorb calcium?
Vitamin D.
Give one symptom of anaemia.
Tiredness / pale skin / dizziness.
What is the main function of calcium in children?
Builds strong bones and teeth.
Name one source of Vitamin A.
Carrots. (Also acceptable: liver, spinach, dairy.)
What type of mineral is sodium?
Sodium is a macro mineral.
Give two examples of trace minerals.
iron, fluoride, iodine and zinc
What is the recommended maximum daily intake of salt for adults?
6 grams per day (about one teaspoon).
What is the difference between macrominerals and trace minerals?
Macrominerals are needed in large amounts; trace minerals are needed in very small amounts.
What does haemoglobin do?
Carries oxygen in the blood
What mineral is mainly responsible for strong bones?
Calcium
What happens to bones in osteoporosis?
They become weak and break easily.
What deficiency disease is caused by low iron intake?
Anaemia.
Give one symptom of rickets.
Bow legs / soft bones / frequent fractures.
Which group does iron belong to?
Trace minerals.
Name one source of Vitamin C.
Citrus fruits.
What mineral does Vitamin D help absorb?
Calcium.
Name two good sources of iron.
Red meat and spinach (or liver, beans, fortified cereals).
Why is folic acid important during pregnancy?
t helps prevent neural tube defects in babies.
Which group is most at risk of iron deficiency?
Teenage girls and women of childbearing age.
Name one health problem caused by too much salt.
High blood pressure. (Also acceptable: heart disease, stroke, kidney problems.)
Give one source of Vitamin D.
Sunlight. (Also acceptable: oily fish, eggs, fortified milk.)
What happens if the body does not get enough iron?
Reduced oxygen supply to cells / fatigue.
What is the main function of Vitamin K?
It helps blood clot properly.
Which organ meat is very high in iron?
Liver
What is the main function of Vitamin A?
It maintains healthy vision and skin.
Name one function of Vitamin C.
It supports the immune system. (Also acceptable: helps wound healing, helps absorb iron, maintains healthy gums.)