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Vits and Minerals Recap
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Name one source of Vitamin C.
Citrus fruits.
Name one function of Vitamin C.
It supports the immune system. (Also acceptable: helps wound healing, helps absorb iron, maintains healthy gums.)
Why is folic acid important during pregnancy?
t helps prevent neural tube defects in babies.
What is the main function of Vitamin K?
It helps blood clot properly.
Name one disease caused by Vitamin D deficiency.
Rickets (in children). (Also acceptable: osteomalacia in adults.)
Give one source of Vitamin D.
Sunlight. (Also acceptable: oily fish, eggs, fortified milk.)
What mineral does Vitamin D help absorb?
Calcium.
What condition is caused by Vitamin A deficiency?
Night blindness.
Name one source of Vitamin A.
Carrots. (Also acceptable: liver, spinach, dairy.)
What is the main function of Vitamin A?
It maintains healthy vision and skin.
Name one health problem caused by too much salt.
High blood pressure. (Also acceptable: heart disease, stroke, kidney problems.)
State one function of sodium in the body.
It controls water balance in the body. (Also acceptable: supports nerve and muscle function.)
What is the recommended maximum daily intake of salt for adults?
6 grams per day (about one teaspoon).
What type of mineral is sodium?
Sodium is a macro mineral.
Why do teenage girls need more iron?
Due to blood loss during menstruation.
What happens if the body does not get enough iron?
Reduced oxygen supply to cells / fatigue.
Which group is most at risk of iron deficiency?
Teenage girls and women of childbearing age.
Give one symptom of anaemia.
Tiredness / pale skin / dizziness.
What deficiency disease is caused by low iron intake?
Anaemia.
Which organ meat is very high in iron?
Liver
Name two good sources of iron.
Red meat and spinach (or liver, beans, fortified cereals).
What does haemoglobin do?
Carries oxygen in the blood
What is the main function of iron?
To make haemoglobin.
What type of mineral is iron?
Trace mineral.
What mineral is mainly responsible for strong bones?
Calcium
Name a fortified food that may contain calcium.
Breakfast cereals / bread.
Give one symptom of rickets.
Bow legs / soft bones / frequent fractures.
What happens to bones in osteoporosis?
They become weak and break easily.
Name a disease in older adults linked to low calcium intake.
Osteoporosis.
Name a childhood disease caused by calcium deficiency.
Rickets
What is the main function of calcium in children?
Builds strong bones and teeth.
Which vitamin helps the body absorb calcium?
Vitamin D.
Name two sources of calcium.
Milk, cheese, yoghurt, Green vegetables / tinned fish with bones / fortified cereals.
Do we need minerals in large or small amounts compared to carbohydrates?
Small amounts.
Which group does calcium belong to?
Macrominerals
Which group does iron belong to?
Trace minerals.
Give two examples of trace minerals.
iron, fluoride, iodine and zinc
Give two examples of macrominerals.
calcium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium
What is the difference between macrominerals and trace minerals?
Macrominerals are needed in large amounts; trace minerals are needed in very small amounts.
What are the two main groups of minerals?
Macrominerals and trace minerals.
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