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Chromatography

Study Slideshow

A ______________ where the molecules can move. This is always a liquid or a gas.

mobile phase

10

A ___________where the molecules can't move. This must be a solid, or a liquid on a solid support.

stationary phase

10

Chromatography is used to ______________ stuff in a mixture — once it’s separated out, you can often ___________ the components.

separate, identify

20

The mobile phase moves ________ or over the stationary phase.

through

15

The distance each substance moves up the plate depends on its _________in the mobile phase and its retention by or adsorption to the stationary phase__

solubility

15

Components that are ______ _________ in the mobile phase will travel further up the plate, or faster through the column. It’s these differences in solubility and retention by the stationary phase that separate out the different substances.

more soluble

20

____ _______ help to Identify Components in a Mixture

Rf Values

20

In _________ chromatography a solvent such as ethanol (the mobile phase), moves over a piece of paper (the stationary phase).

paper

20

HPLC is Done Under _________ _____________

High Pressure

25

In_________________________________ the stationary phase is small particles of a solid packed into a column (or tube). This is often silica bonded to various hydrocarbons

high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

20

In _________ _______________ the Mobile Phase is a Gas

Gas Chromatography

20

Explain what is meant by the terms ‘mobile phase’ and ‘stationary phase’.

In all types of chromatography, two phases are present: a stationary phase, which does not move, and a mobile phase, which flows over the stationary phase.

25

State the formula used to calculate the Rf value of a substance.

25

Look at this diagram of a chromatogram produced using one-way chromatography on a mixture of substances A and B. Calculate the Rf value of spot A.

Rf value = Distance travelled by solvent Distance travelled by spot, Rf value of spot A = 7 ÷ 8 = 0.875

25

Which type of the chromatography?

One-way chromatography (or paper chromatography)

15

GC can be used to detect the presence and quantity of alcohol in the blood or urine samples of suspected drink-drivers. What do the letters GC stand for?

Gas chromatography. Different substances have different retention times

15