What was the next step after completing an apprenticeship?
You would become an artisan.
What were guilds?
They were associations of craftsmen with the same trade.
What did peasants revolt about in times of social unrest in the 14th Century?
They wanted freedom from the manorial system.
What do you call someone learning a trade?
An apprentice.
Which 5 factors revitalised trade during the High Middle Ages?
Technical advances in transport, safer trade routes,more types of currencies were in circulation, the creation of guilds and new jobs that facilitated payments.
Why did the poor revolt in urban areas?
They wanted to overthrow the urban oligarchy.
Which class of people formed the urban oligarchy in 14th Century feudal Europe?
Merchants and bankers dominated the municipal governments.
What caused political unrest in 14th Century feudal Europe?
The 100 Years' War between England and France ( and other kingdoms that got involved ).
What was a "fuero"?
Cities with privileges that paid taxes to monarchs.
Which 2 institutions were considered superior to all others in the High Middle Ages?
The Papacy and the Empire.
To hold back, slow down and make progress difficult.
To hinder
What was the Black Death?
It was a bubonic plague that killed millions of people.
What happened to the population of Europe in the 14th Century?
It fell to a third of its size due to the Black Death,wars and bad harvests.
The system of government of the Roman Catholic Church where the Pope is the supreme head.
Papacy
Why did the monarchy support the economic development of cities in the High Middle Ages?
They wanted to take away power from the nobility and they benefited economically( -by having taxes paid to them )
What three changes occurred in cities in the Middle Ages?
They grew in number/ populations increased/ they were more important economically and socially.
What was the political motivation behind a fuero?
For the inhabitants to achieve freedom from the nobility and for the monarch to gain political and military support.
Where did merchants and bankers get their wealth from?
From the possession of goods and money- not land ownership.
Which different class groups emerged during the High Middle Ages?
Merchants and bankers/ tradesmen and craftsmen/ peasants
What is a theocracy?
It's when a religious leader has all the power over civil governance.
What was the final step in the journey of joining a guild?
Becoming a master craftsman.
What was the Holy Roman Empire?
It was one of the kingdoms that emerged when The Carolingian Empire fell. It was the defender of the Pope and Christianity.
To transmit or leave something to someone in a will or inheritance.
To bequeath.
A supreme leader, usually a monarch.
A sovereign.