Grade 9 Biology

Carbon stores means that carbon is stored on our planet as organic matter in living and dead organisms, as CO2 in the atmosphere, as organic matter in soil.

It is the movement of A SOLVENT from area of high concentration to the area of low concentration through a semi-permeable (e.g. water moving through your body)

It’s the process by which sunlight energy is converted, through a precise series of steps, to produce glucose (C6H12O6).

The power plants of the cell where glucose is broken down and turned into energy (ATP). This is called cellular respiration.

Carbon flux is the amount of carbon exchanged between the oceans, atmosphere, land and living organisms (e.g. photosynthesis). → process

A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism which consists of a nucleus and cytoplasm enclosed in a membrane.

Cellular respiration is the process in which cells break down sugar and turn it into energy (ATP).

1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. The cell is the basic unit of structure 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells

They are broken down and used to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cells use ATP molecules to do work.

A liquid that separates other molecules (e.g. water is a solvent because it dissolves sugar/breaks down sugar molecules)

It is the movement of a SOLUTE from an area of high concentration to the area of low solute concentration.

Plant organelles where photosynthesis takes place. They are green because they contain chlorophyll. They are normally found in leaves and stems.

Heterotrophic organisms cannot produce their own food so they rely on the producers for their energy needs by eating them. Example: humans

Organisms that produce their own food. They use sunlight in photosynthesis and convert it into chemical energy and sugars. Example: plants

Plants use CO2, water and sunlight to make glucose and O2 (photosynthesis). The glucose and O2 are turned into energy, water and CO2 in cellular respiration.

A type of molecule motion - big molecules moving into and out of cells in bubbles because they can’t pass through the cell membrane

A group of molecules that are separated by the solvent (e.g. sugar)

Prokaryotes are assumed to be the older type of cell (bacteria). Prokaryotes don't have a nucleus.

C6H12O6