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Science F3 - Transportation

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  • A patient has a hole in the septum of the heart. Predict what might happen.
    Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood may mix, reducing oxygen supply to the body
  • Name the part of the heart that separates the right and left sides
    Septum
  • What happens to your heartbeat when you exercise?
    It increases to supply more oxygen to the muscles.
  • Simple organisms transport nutrient and waste products via...
    Diffusion
  • Name two blood vessels in the human body.
    Artery / Vein / Capillary
  • State four factors that affect the rate of transpiration
    Light intensity, Air humidity, Air movement, Temperature
  • Suggest why a cactus has fewer stomata than a leafy plant.
    To reduce water loss in dry environments through transpiration
  • Structure and functions of veins
    Thin walls, large lumen, have valves; carry blood to the heart under low pressure
  • Suggest a reason why veins have valves, but arteries do not.
    Veins carry blood at low pressure and need valves to prevent backflow of blood.
  • Where on the body can you feel your pulse easily?
    Wrist and neck
  • Structure and functions of artery
    Thick walls, small lumen, no valves; carry blood away from the heart under high pressure
  • A plant's xylem is damaged. What would happen to the plant and why?
    The plant would wilt and die because water and mineral salts cannot be transported.
  • A patient has very few red blood cells. Predict the effect on their body.
    The body will receive less oxygen, leading to tiredness and possibly anemia
  • What process pulls water upward through the xylem?
    Transpiration
  • Compare the role of the pulmonary artery and aorta in the circulatory system.
    Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. Aorta carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
  • Which blood group are is categorized as universal donor
    Blood group O
  • List 5 structures of human hearts except valves.
    aorta, pulmonary artery / vein, vena cava, right / left ventricle or atrium, septum
  • Why is the left ventricle wall thicker than the right ventricle?
    Because it needs to pump blood to the entire body, requiring more force.
  • Suggest two ways to maintain a healthy heartbeat.
    Regular exercise and a balanced diet; managing stress and avoiding smoking.
  • Health issues related to the circulatory system
    Hypertension / Coronary heart disease / Atherosclerosis / Stroke
  • Why are platelets important during an injury?
    They help in blood clotting to stop bleeding
  • How does transpiration help in cooling the plant during hot days?
    As water evaporates from the leaf surface, it absorbs heat, cooling the plant.
  • How are vascular bundles arranged in a stem?
    In a circular pattern
  • What is the main function of the phloem in plants?
    To transport food (glucose) from the leaves to other parts of the plant
  • State one difference between the left and right sides of the heart.
    The left side pumps oxygenated blood to the whole body; the right side pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
  • Explain how blood flows through the heart in the pulmonary circulation.
    Blood flows from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery and returns to the left atrium via the pulmonary vein.
  • A person’s left ventricle is weak. What symptoms might they show, and why?
    They may feel tired and breathless because the body does not receive enough oxygenated blood.
  • Component of heart for Blood circulatory system in Amphibians
    3, 2 atria and 1 ventricle
  • A potted plant is placed in front of a fan. What happens to the transpiration rate, and why?
    It increases because wind removes moisture near stomata, enhancing water loss.
  • How do white blood cells protect the body?
    By attacking and destroying bacteria, viruses, and other harmful microorganisms
  • What is the function of the right ventricle?
    To pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery
  • Why are the walls of capillaries so thin?
    To allow efficient diffusion of gases and nutrients between blood and body tissues
  • Name the two types of vascular tissues in plants.
    xylem / phloem
  • What happen to the ventricle during diastole and systole
    diastole: ventricle relaxation, systole: ventrile contraction
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