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11.3 USHG - Building a Nation & Sectionalism

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  • Uncle Tom’s Cabin influenced public opinion by
    Encouraging new trade laws
    Defending the southern way of life
    Exposing the cruelty of slavery
    Promoting expansion into Canada
  • One effect of the Market Revolution was
    Decrease in foreign trade
    More colonies being created
    Growth in transportation and industrial production
    Decline in factory jobs
  • Gibbons v. Ogden strengthened the federal government by
    Allowing states to regulate commerce
    Giving Congress power over interstate trade
    Removing tariffs on shipping
    Limiting judicial appointments
  • Washington’s Farewell Address warned against
    Western expansion and low taxes
    Trade with the southern colonies
    National banking and public education
    Foreign alliances and political factions
  • The Nullification Crisis involved
    A state refusing to enforce a federal tariff
    States banning slavery on their own
    The end of westward expansion
    Native Americans suing for land
  • The main reason Anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution was
    It did not end slavery in new states
    It gave states too much power
    It banned national taxes
    It lacked protections for individual rights
  • Disagreements over Hamilton’s plan led to
    A revolt in southern colonies
    The writing of a second Constitution
    The removal of the Supreme Court
    The formation of the first political parties
  • The principle of federalism means
    Power is shared between national and state governments
    The president makes all legal decisions
    States can cancel national laws
    The Supreme Court controls local laws
  • The 3/5 Compromise involved
    Counting slaves partially for representation and taxes
    Giving voting rights to enslaved people
    Allowing states to print their own money
    Dividing up the original colonies
  • Worcester v. Georgia ruled that
    Congress must fund westward migration
    The military could seize tribal land
    States could not interfere with Native lands
    Jackson had to step down
  • “Bleeding Kansas” resulted from
    Violence over slavery in Kansas Territory
    Disputes over the Erie Canal
    Native raids on towns
    Railroad expansion
  • Seneca Falls Convention was significant because it
    Passed new state laws in the South
    Gave women the right to vote
    Started the organized women’s rights movement
    Elected the first female president
  • Popular sovereignty allowed
    Congress to ban voting
    Voters to decide on slavery in new territories
    Presidents to choose new states
    Judges to make trade laws
  • The event that immediately followed Lincoln’s election in 1860 was
    The secession of several southern states
    A treaty with Mexico
    A ban on abolitionist newspapers
    The creation of the Whig Party
  • The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to
    Increase Congress’s power over trade
    End tariffs between states
    Protect freedoms such as speech and religion
    Grant citizenship to immigrants
  • One goal of the women’s rights movement was
    Access to land in western territories
    End of immigration quotas
    Equal legal and voting rights
    More jobs in northern factories
  • The Missouri Compromise aimed to
    Give more power to Congress
    Keep a balance of slave and free states
    Allow states to tax imports
    Abolish slavery in all new lands
  • The Dred Scott decision stated that
    Enslaved people were not citizens and had no rights
    Slaves could vote in local elections
    Congress had authority to ban slavery
    Slavery was unconstitutional
  • The Erie Canal helped the economy by
    Blocking trade with France
    Connecting western farms to eastern markets
    Ending reliance on steamboats
    Removing tariffs on Canadian goods
  • The Indian Removal Act led to
    Natives joining Congress based on their population
    Forced migration of tribes west of the Mississippi River
    Peaceful relocation to the North
    Native Americans gaining citizenship
  • The Monroe Doctrine told European nations to
    Remain neutral in global wars
    Avoid new colonies in the Western Hemisphere
    Share military bases with the U.S.
    Trade only with the South
  • The Republican Party in the 1850s opposed
    National banking reforms
    The expansion of slavery into the territories
    Protective tariffs
    Voting rights for immigrants
  • Jackson’s presidency was known for
    Eliminating the spoils system
    Strengthening the power of the courts
    Expanding power of the executive branch
    Supporting abolition of slavery
  • The case of McCulloch v. Maryland confirmed that
    Federal banks were unconstitutional
    State banks were immune to regulation
    States could tax the federal government
    Congress could create a national bank
  • The concept of Manifest Destiny was used to
    Justify U.S. expansion across North America
    Promote trade with Britain
    End slavery in the South
    Block all immigration
  • William Lloyd Garrison supported abolition by
    Fighting in the Mexican-American War
    Voting against the Compromise of 1850
    Publishing The Liberator
    Arguing for popular sovereignty
  • Judicial review was established by
    McCulloch v. Maryland
    Gibbons v. Ogden
    Worcester v. Georgia
    Marbury v. Madison
  • Checks and balances were included to
    Allow Congress to overrule elections
    Let voters select all cabinet members
    Prevent one branch of government from dominating the others
    Give military leaders legal control
  • The Great Compromise created
    A new monarchy to rule the colonies
    A tax system based only on population
    Equal state voting power in all elections
    A two-house Congress
  • The abolitionist movement wanted to
    Expand plantation farming
    End slavery across the United States
    Raise tariffs on slave goods
    Promote colonization of western lands
  • Hamilton’s economic plan included
    Ending all foreign trade
    Free land to western settlers
    Limiting the power of Congress
    Creating a national bank and assuming state debts
  • One problem with the Articles of Confederation was that
    Congress could not collect taxes or regulate trade
    The judiciary branch had too much power
    The president had control over all states
    States were denied the right to vote
  • The Louisiana Purchase was controversial because
    Jefferson used a loose interpretation of the Constitution
    It banned farming in new lands
    It gave land to the British
    The land was mostly desert
  • The Compromise of 1850 included
    A stronger Fugitive Slave Law
    Immediate end to slavery
    The return of the Missouri Compromise line
    A ban on state taxes
  • The spoils system was when Jackson
    Appointed leaders from Congress
    Hired only judges from the South
    Cut spending on military supplies
    Gave government jobs to political supporters
  • One reason for southern secession was
    Belief that Lincoln would limit slavery expansion
    Refusal to pay taxes
    Increased tariffs on cotton
    Loss of land to France
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