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11.3 USHG - Building a Nation & Sectionalism

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  • Jackson’s presidency was known for
    Supporting abolition of slavery
    Eliminating the spoils system
    Strengthening the power of the courts
    Expanding power of the executive branch
  • “Bleeding Kansas” resulted from
    Violence over slavery in Kansas Territory
    Native raids on towns
    Railroad expansion
    Disputes over the Erie Canal
  • One effect of the Market Revolution was
    More colonies being created
    Decrease in foreign trade
    Decline in factory jobs
    Growth in transportation and industrial production
  • The Indian Removal Act led to
    Peaceful relocation to the North
    Natives joining Congress based on their population
    Native Americans gaining citizenship
    Forced migration of tribes west of the Mississippi River
  • The Erie Canal helped the economy by
    Removing tariffs on Canadian goods
    Ending reliance on steamboats
    Connecting western farms to eastern markets
    Blocking trade with France
  • The principle of federalism means
    States can cancel national laws
    The Supreme Court controls local laws
    Power is shared between national and state governments
    The president makes all legal decisions
  • Seneca Falls Convention was significant because it
    Gave women the right to vote
    Elected the first female president
    Started the organized women’s rights movement
    Passed new state laws in the South
  • Popular sovereignty allowed
    Judges to make trade laws
    Presidents to choose new states
    Voters to decide on slavery in new territories
    Congress to ban voting
  • The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to
    Increase Congress’s power over trade
    End tariffs between states
    Grant citizenship to immigrants
    Protect freedoms such as speech and religion
  • William Lloyd Garrison supported abolition by
    Voting against the Compromise of 1850
    Publishing The Liberator
    Fighting in the Mexican-American War
    Arguing for popular sovereignty
  • One reason for southern secession was
    Loss of land to France
    Increased tariffs on cotton
    Belief that Lincoln would limit slavery expansion
    Refusal to pay taxes
  • The Great Compromise created
    A new monarchy to rule the colonies
    A two-house Congress
    Equal state voting power in all elections
    A tax system based only on population
  • The case of McCulloch v. Maryland confirmed that
    Congress could create a national bank
    State banks were immune to regulation
    States could tax the federal government
    Federal banks were unconstitutional
  • The 3/5 Compromise involved
    Allowing states to print their own money
    Counting slaves partially for representation and taxes
    Giving voting rights to enslaved people
    Dividing up the original colonies
  • The Missouri Compromise aimed to
    Allow states to tax imports
    Abolish slavery in all new lands
    Keep a balance of slave and free states
    Give more power to Congress
  • The concept of Manifest Destiny was used to
    Promote trade with Britain
    End slavery in the South
    Block all immigration
    Justify U.S. expansion across North America
  • The Republican Party in the 1850s opposed
    The expansion of slavery into the territories
    Voting rights for immigrants
    National banking reforms
    Protective tariffs
  • Uncle Tom’s Cabin influenced public opinion by
    Promoting expansion into Canada
    Encouraging new trade laws
    Exposing the cruelty of slavery
    Defending the southern way of life
  • Judicial review was established by
    Worcester v. Georgia
    McCulloch v. Maryland
    Marbury v. Madison
    Gibbons v. Ogden
  • The abolitionist movement wanted to
    End slavery across the United States
    Expand plantation farming
    Promote colonization of western lands
    Raise tariffs on slave goods
  • Washington’s Farewell Address warned against
    Foreign alliances and political factions
    National banking and public education
    Western expansion and low taxes
    Trade with the southern colonies
  • The Dred Scott decision stated that
    Congress had authority to ban slavery
    Slaves could vote in local elections
    Enslaved people were not citizens and had no rights
    Slavery was unconstitutional
  • Hamilton’s economic plan included
    Ending all foreign trade
    Free land to western settlers
    Creating a national bank and assuming state debts
    Limiting the power of Congress
  • Disagreements over Hamilton’s plan led to
    The writing of a second Constitution
    A revolt in southern colonies
    The removal of the Supreme Court
    The formation of the first political parties
  • The Monroe Doctrine told European nations to
    Remain neutral in global wars
    Avoid new colonies in the Western Hemisphere
    Trade only with the South
    Share military bases with the U.S.
  • One goal of the women’s rights movement was
    Access to land in western territories
    More jobs in northern factories
    Equal legal and voting rights
    End of immigration quotas
  • The Nullification Crisis involved
    A state refusing to enforce a federal tariff
    The end of westward expansion
    States banning slavery on their own
    Native Americans suing for land
  • One problem with the Articles of Confederation was that
    States were denied the right to vote
    The president had control over all states
    The judiciary branch had too much power
    Congress could not collect taxes or regulate trade
  • The main reason Anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution was
    It lacked protections for individual rights
    It gave states too much power
    It did not end slavery in new states
    It banned national taxes
  • Checks and balances were included to
    Prevent one branch of government from dominating the others
    Allow Congress to overrule elections
    Let voters select all cabinet members
    Give military leaders legal control
  • The Louisiana Purchase was controversial because
    Jefferson used a loose interpretation of the Constitution
    The land was mostly desert
    It gave land to the British
    It banned farming in new lands
  • The Compromise of 1850 included
    A stronger Fugitive Slave Law
    A ban on state taxes
    The return of the Missouri Compromise line
    Immediate end to slavery
  • Worcester v. Georgia ruled that
    Jackson had to step down
    Congress must fund westward migration
    States could not interfere with Native lands
    The military could seize tribal land
  • Gibbons v. Ogden strengthened the federal government by
    Removing tariffs on shipping
    Allowing states to regulate commerce
    Giving Congress power over interstate trade
    Limiting judicial appointments
  • The spoils system was when Jackson
    Hired only judges from the South
    Gave government jobs to political supporters
    Appointed leaders from Congress
    Cut spending on military supplies
  • The event that immediately followed Lincoln’s election in 1860 was
    The creation of the Whig Party
    A treaty with Mexico
    The secession of several southern states
    A ban on abolitionist newspapers
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