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11.1 USHG - Colonial Foundations

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  • What was the main reason Britain practiced salutary neglect?
    To allow colonies to prosper while Britain dealt with Europe
    To expand slavery in the North
    To strengthen the Catholic Church
    To punish rebellious colonists
  • Puritans created strict religious rules in which colony?
    New Jersey
    Massachusetts Bay
    Pennsylvania
    Georgia
  • Rhode Island was established to promote
    Trade with indigenous peoples
    Plantation-based farming
    Military alliances with Spain
    Religious freedom and separation of church and state
  • Most colonial governments featured
    A governor appointed by the king and an elected assembly
    Elected monarchs and royal councils
    Tribal chiefs and European ministers
    Direct voting on every law
  • The region with the greatest reliance on enslaved African labor was
    Western frontier
    Southern colonies
    New England colonies
    Northern port cities
  • The Great Awakening influenced the colonies by
    Promoting trade with France for the Colonies
    Ending slavery in the Southern Colonies
    Expanding Catholic influence into New England
    Encouraging religious enthusiasm and questioning authority
  • During salutary neglect, colonists
    Declared independence
    Governed themselves with little British interference
    Lost all freedoms
    Elected kings
  • Why is this colonial era considered foundational to later U.S. development?
    It marked the end of British control
    It introduced the federal system
    It prevented all future foreign wars
    It established long-lasting patterns for the US
  • How did the Magna Carta influence American colonists?
    It promoted ideas of limited government and legal rights
    It guaranteed economic success
    It removed royal governors
    It established tax laws in colonies
  • The main goal of the Navigation Acts was to
    Make colonists form a new government
    Control colonial trade to benefit Britain
    Increase exports to France
    Reduce taxes on imported goods
  • The Mayflower Compact is an example of
    An agreement for self-governance among settlers
    A colonial constitution
    A British military treaty
    A document banning dissenters
  • What did the Quakers of Pennsylvania believe in?
    Separation from all non-Christians
    Slavery and social hierarchy
    Military conquest of land
    Equality, religious tolerance, and pacifism
  • The Dutch in New Netherland were known for
    Military conquest of English colonies
    Strict religious laws
    Farming-based settlements
    Tolerance and economic-focused colonization
  • The Southern Colonies developed economies based on
    Large-scale agriculture and plantation systems
    Shipbuilding and fishing
    Exporting iron and steel goods
    Trading fur and pelts
  • The Middle Passage was
    A canal built to cross Africa
    A route to the American frontier
    The brutal ocean journey endured by enslaved Africans
    A plan to reform European trade
  • Which colony was founded partly as a refuge for Catholics?
    New York
    South Carolina
    Delaware
    Maryland
  • What was a major consequence of European colonization for Native American populations?
    Massive population loss due to disease and warfare
    Universal adoption of European culture
    Equal trade partnerships with settlers
    Expansion of tribal lands and influence
  • New England town meetings were important because they
    Allowed citizens to participate in local government
    Introduced plantation democracy
    Expanded British rule in the colonies
    Banned dissenting opinions
  • John Locke’s ideas supported
    Natural rights and the consent of the governed
    Protection of monarchs
    Military control of politics
    A hereditary class system
  • What British political idea helped shape colonial governments?
    Representative assemblies and individual rights
    Centralized church rule
    Military control of civilians
    Absolute monarchy
  • Mercantilism is the idea that
    Manufacturing should be banned in colonies
    Governments should not interfere in trade
    Colonies exist to benefit the their mother country
    All nations trade freely with each other
  • What caused planters to shift from indentured servants to enslaved labor?
    Fear of rebellion after events like Bacon’s Rebellion
    Decrease in demand for tobacco
    Religious pressure from Puritans
    Encouragement from the British king
  • What was the purpose of the Maryland Toleration Act?
    To allow colonists to choose governors
    To prohibit slavery in Maryland
    To grant religious freedom to Christians
    To establish a national religion
  • Triangular Trade involved the exchange of
    Textiles, guns, and horses
    Land, workers, and elections
    Enslaved Africans, raw materials, and finished goods
    Gold, silver, and food
  • French colonial efforts in North America focused mostly on
    Fur trading and alliances with native tribes
    Cotton plantations and cash crops
    Importing enslaved labor from Africa
    Establishing large cities along rivers
  • Why did early settlers in Jamestown struggle to survive?
    Poor planning and lack of food production
    Conflict with Spanish soldiers
    Lack of land ownership laws
    Harsh winters and few rivers
  • The Middle Colonies were especially known for their
    Ties to the French crown
    Reliance on strict church laws
    Cotton exports and slave codes
    Diversity in religion and economy
  • Slavery developed into a racial institution partly due to
    Decreased need for labor
    Laws that defined enslaved status by race
    Religious reform movements
    Intermarriage among settlers
  • The Virginia House of Burgesses is significant as
    The colony’s first public school system
    The first elected legislative body in America
    A trading alliance with natives
    A religious court for Puritans
  • Indentured servants were brought to Virginia primarily to
    Provide needed labor for cash crop farms
    Build colonial roads and towns
    Trade with Native Americans
    Assist in government administration
  • Regional economic differences among the colonies were mostly due to
    Geographic location and natural resources
    Native population density
    Differences in religious beliefs
    Colonial loyalty to Britain
  • Spanish colonization in the Americas was characterized by
    Minimal interaction with local populations
    Mission systems and forced native labor
    Government-funded schools for natives
    Peaceful trading relationships
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