statements that describe what a student can perform at a particular point on a rating scale; sometimes called rating scales or band descriptions
Rubics
activities and instruments created by teachers and students that provide evaluative information to be used as feedback on student performance
Classrom-based assessment
evaluating students in the process of forming their competencies and skills with the goal of helping them continue that growth process
Formative assessment
to place test-takers along a mathematical continuum in rank order
Norm-referenced test
assessment that typically involves ora production, written production, open-ended response, groupp performance
performance based assessment
an outline of content or form is given to the writer to complete a sentence or paragragh
controlled writing
instruments in which test-takers receive a set of questions that meet test specifications and that are generally appropriate for their performace level
computer-adaptive test ( CAT)
assigning a score to a test or composite set of recorded assessments usually by means of a letter A through F
Grading
a test that elicits a test taker ability to use language that is meaningful and authentic
Communicative test
a statistic used to differentiate high and low ability test-takers
Item Discrimination ( ID
a task that limits the amount of language that is produced
Controlled-response task
a test that treats language competence as a unified set of skills interacting with grammatical, lexical and phonological knowledge
Integrative test
condition in which the same scorer yield consistent scores across all tests
intra-rater reliability
systematic, planned exercises or procedures constructed to give teacher and student an appraisal of student achievment
Formal assessment
A statistic used to examine the percentage of students who correctly answer a given test item
Item Facility
a globa ratinng for test taker''s anguage production as determined by a single general scale
Holistic score
playing a role of allowing or denying someone passage to the next stage of an educational process
gatekeeping
conditiion in which 2 or more scorers yield consistent for the same test
inter-rater reliability
promoting, through feedback or other forms of support, learner development in the abilities being assessed
dynamic assessment
detailed, specific linguistic competencies that involve processing up to and including the sentence level ( phonology, morphology, grammar, lexicon)
Micro skills
grading on the curve, in which a score on a test taker''s performance is compared with those of other test-takers and sometimes altered to suit instructional needs
Relative grading
an instrument that provides information on the basis of which significant, possiby life-altering , decisions are made baout test-takers
High stake tests
comprehend language by first attending to the smallest elements of the language
Bottom up processing
a test in which each test taker score is interpreted in relation to a mean ( average score, median, standard deviation or percentile rank
Norm-referenced test
writing that is produced, usually in response to a prompt, to show competence in grammar, vocabulary or sentence formation
displaly writing
assessment that focuses on the organizational components ( grammar, vocabulary of the language
form-focused assessment
give test-takers feedback, usually in the form of grades, on specific course or lesson objectives.
Criterion-referenced test
a score on a test-taker's performance is empirically caculated by predetermined measures of achievement of learning objectives
Absolute grading
assessment designed on assumption that language can be broken down into its componet parts and that those parts can be tested successfully
Discrete-point test
a collection of student's work that can be used to demonstrate effort, progress and achievement in a given area or within a particular time frame
portfolio
a process in which test taker must discern sppecified information with a imited quanity of aural input
Selective listening
in a mulltiple choice items, responses used to divert or distract the test takers from the correct response
distractor
an assessment method in which the test taker actually performs the target task
direct testing
an assessment method in which test-taker is not required to perform the target task; inference is made from performance on non-target task
Indirect testing
in writing test, a single score indicating the effectiveness of the text in achieving its primary role
primary-trait scoring
the effectiveness of the distractor to attract a test-taker away from the correct response
distractor efficiency
linguistic competencies that involve language competence beyond the sentence level ( discourse, pragmatics
Macroskill
a text in which words are deleted and the test-taker must provide a word that fit the blanks
cloze
the extent to which resources and time available to design, develop and administer a test are managable and feasible
practicality
incidental, unplanned comments and responses; coaching and other impromptu feedback to the student
Informal assessment
A method of grading that evaluates the product as a whole to produce one score, as opposed to the evaluating the product by its individual components
Holistic Rubric
test questions in which a visual stimulus serve to prompt a response or in which a test taker chooses, among visuals, a response that correctly matches a spoken or written prompt
picture-cued item
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