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Cereals (JC Home Economics)

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  • List the uses of white flour.
    White soda bread, cakes, scones, biscuits, buns, pastries
  • What is a cereal?
    Edible grains which come from cultivated grasses.
  • What happens to starch when cooked?
    Starch becomes more digestible
  • List the uses of brown/ wheaten meal flour
    Breads, scones, pastries
  • What is a staple food?
    Make up the largest part of the diet.
  • When are main-crop potatoes harvested?
    October
  • What type of flour is high in gluten and used for pizza?
    Strong
  • What does fortified mean?
    Foods with extra vitamins and minerals added to increase the nutritional value of the food.
  • What is the effect of moist cooking on cereals?
    Starch grains swell and burst, absorbing the liquid around them, thickening the liquid.
  • When are new potatoes harvested?
    Summer
  • What does coagulate mean?
    When the proteins set.
  • Give 2 types of rice and their uses.
    Short Grain - Rice Pudding, Medium Grain - Risotto, Long grain and Brown Rice - Served along side savoury dishes
  • What are the 2 types of potato?
    New and main-crop/old
  • What is the main nutrient present in cereals?
    Carbohydrate
  • List the 6 most common types of cereals.
    Wheat, Barley, Rye, Oats, Rice, Maize
  • What is he benefit of including fibre in the diet?
    Aids digestions. Prevents constipation.
  • What is gluten?
    Protein found in wheat
  • Describe self raising flour.
    Bran and germ removed during processing. Baking powder added.
  • What are three reasons that we include cereals in the diet?
    Cheap, Filling, Versatile
  • Define the term refined cereal.
    Bran and germ are removed during processing
  • What type of cereal is most commonly used in flour?
    Wheat
  • What types of carbohydrates are often high in commercial breakfast cereals?
    Fibre and sugar
  • Describe wholemeal flour
    Flour with no part of the grain removed during processing.
  • What is the bran?
    Tough outer layer which contains fibre and some calcium, phosphorus, iron and b-vitamins
  • What is in the endosperm?
    Starch and gluten
  • What type of flour can be used by coeliacs?
    Gluten free flour
  • What happens to fibre when cooked?
    It softens
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