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DNA UNIT EXAM REVIEW

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  • A_____ is a section of a chromosome that contains the instructions for making 1 protein.
    gene
  • What are the three molecules that make up DNA?
    Phosphate, Nitrogen Base, Deoxyribose (sugar)
  • What are mutations?
    a change in the code of the dna
  • Why is DNA called a double helix?
    DNA is double stranded and twists
  • What is one difference between DNA and RNA?
    (answers vary)
  • What is the purpose of translation?
    RNA to protein
  • What always pairs with T?
    A
  • Explain the two enzymes important for DNA replication.
    Helicase Unzips the DNA. DNA polymerase finds the base paris
  • What is the amino acid for the start codon?
    Methonine
  • What is the amino acid for GGG and GAA?
    Glycine and Glutamic acid
  • What are the three mRNA that codes for the Stop Codons?
    UAA, UAG, UGA
  • What type of bonds holds DNA together?
    Weak Hydrogen bonds
  • What does DNA Polymerase do?
    Adds free commentary nucleotide bases
  • What are amino acids?
    the building blocks of life
  • What does DNA Helicase do?
    Unzips the DNA
  • Explain how to use the Condon wheel.
    (vary)
  • DNA is a type of _____ molecule of life.
    Nucleic acid
  • What is another word for protein?
    Polypeptide
  • During the DNA extraction lab what was the purpose of the soap?
    To break down the cell membrane and expose the DNA.
  • what is the process of transcription?
    DNA to RNA
  • What is the mRNA of this DNA strand ATCGCGTTTAACG
    TAGCGCAAATTGC
  • Why is the cell cycle so important?
    It is how cells prepare and create copies.
  • DNA is the code for building proteins (T/F)
    True
  • What always pairs with C?
    G
  • What does the ribosome do in protein synthesis?
    Its important for finding the amino acid that codes for the mRNA and building the amino acid cahin
  • what two nucleic acids are used in protein synthesis?
    DNA and RNA
  • In what step of the cell cycle do cell replicate their DNA?
    M phase
  • What is one difference between DNA and RNA?
    (answers vary)
  • What is a trait?
    A trait is arise from proteins coded for by an organisms DNA
  • DNA is called the _______ for all living things.
    blueprint or recipe.
  • What is the mRNA for Asparagine?
    AAC and AAU
  • Where in the cell does DNA live?
    In the Nucleus
  • what is a polypeptide chain?
    a bunch of amino acids put together by a ribosome
  • What are the two steps of protein synthesis?
    translation and transcription
  • Which of the three molecules do the base pairing rule?
    Nitrogen bases
  • In DNA what pairs with A?
    T
  • What Pairs with A in mRNA?
    U
  • What always Pairs with G?
    C
  • In DNA Replication what are the 4 Bases?
    A, G, T, C
  • What is the mRNA that codes for the start codon (amino Acid)?
    AUG
  • What is one difference between DNA and RNA?
    (answers vary)
  • what does the ribosome do in protein synthesis
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