What are the four nitrogenous bases of DNA?
adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine
What enzyme is responsible for relieving tension to prevent supercoiling?
topoisomerase
What enzyme is responsible for synthesizing a complementary strand of DNA against the template strand?
DNA polymerase
What type of bond is indicated by 1?
Hydrogen bond
What female chemist determined that DNA has two strands with nitrogenous bases located near the center of the molecule?
Rosalind Franklin
What are the names of the two men who are credited with discovering the structure of DNA?
Watson & Crick
What enzyme is responsible for initializing replication by creating primers?
primase
What enzyme is responsible for "gluing" or sealing the lagging strand?
ligase
True or False: DNA replication occurs in opposite directions on two original strands.
True
True or False: Fraternal twins have identical DNA.
False
True or False: DNA's structure is the same for all species.
True
What type of bond joins nitrogenous bases of opposing DNA strands?
Hydrogen bonds
In what direction does DNA replication occur? 5' to 3' OR 3' to 5'?
5' to 3'
If a DNA strand is 40% guanine, what % is thymine?
10% thymine
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), nitrogenous base, phosphate group
True or False: The sequence of DNA is the same for all species.
False
Is DNA replication A) Conservative, B) Semi-conservative, or C) Dispersive?
B) Semi-conservative
What are the base pairing rules for DNA?
A pairs with T and C pairs with G.
What enzyme is responsible for unzipping DNA?
helicase
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix (twisted ladder)
What type of macromolecule does DNA contain the instructions to make?
protein
What type of bond joins the deoxyribose sugars and phosphate groups?
Covalent bonds (specifically: phosphodiester bonds)
What type of bond is indicated by 2?
Covalent bond (specifically: phosphodiester bond)
What type of macromolecule is DNA?
nucleic acid