What are the four nitrogenous bases of DNA?
adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), nitrogenous base, phosphate group
What type of bond joins nitrogenous bases of opposing DNA strands?
Hydrogen bonds
What type of bond joins the deoxyribose sugars and phosphate groups?
Covalent bonds (specifically: phosphodiester bonds)
What are the base pairing rules for DNA?
A pairs with T and C pairs with G.
True or False: DNA's structure is the same for all species.
True
True or False: The sequence of DNA is the same for all species.
False
True or False: Fraternal twins have identical DNA.
False
What female chemist determined that DNA has two strands with nitrogenous bases located near the center of the molecule?
Rosalind Franklin
What type of bond is indicated by 1?
Hydrogen bond
What type of bond is indicated by 2?
Covalent bond (specifically: phosphodiester bond)
What are the names of the two men who are credited with discovering the structure of DNA?
Watson & Crick
If a DNA strand is 40% guanine, what % is thymine?
10% thymine
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix (twisted ladder)
What type of macromolecule is DNA?
nucleic acid
What type of macromolecule does DNA contain the instructions to make?
protein
