What do cohesion, surface tension, & adhesion have in common?
All are properties related to hydrogen bonding
All increase when temperature increases
All have to do with nonpolar covalent bonds
All are produced by ionic bonding
which best summarizes dehydration reactions & hydrolysis reactions?
hydrolysis creates monomers & dehydration breaks polymers
dehydration reactions assemble polymers, & hydrolysis breaks
hydrolysis assembles & breaks polymers
dehydration reactions can occur only after hydrolysis
3. Which of the following is (are) true for the class of large macromolecules known as lipids?
they are insoluble in water
they contain twice as much energy as polysaccharides
all answers are correct
they are an important part of cell membranes
Water's high specidifc heat is mainly a consequence of the
inability of water to release heat into dry air
release of heat when hydrogen bonds break & form
fact that water is a poor conductor of heat
small size of water molecules
Cohesion is a special property of water. Which of the following allow water molecules to be cohesive?
Hydrogen bonds
Hydrophobic interactions
Ionic bonds
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Which 2 functional groups are always found in amino acids?
carboxyl & amino
glycerol & fatty acids
phosphates & nitrogen bases
hydroxyl & aldehyde
Which of the following is an example of hydrophobic material?
paper
Oils
table salt
Sugar
Identify the following
monosaccharide
polypeptide
nucleic acid
lipid
Which of the following is not one of the four major groups of macromolecules found in living organisms?
lipids
carbohydrates
glucose
proteins
Ice is lighter & floats in water because it is a crystalline lattice structure in which each water molecule is bonded to other water molecules by what kind of bond?
Covalent
Hydrogen
Ionic
peptide
What property of water is responsible for water transport in plants?
Surface Tension
Acidic water
Capillary action
Neutral pH
All of the following nitrogenous bases are found in DNA except
Uracil
Guanine
Thymine
Adenine
In an enzymatic reaction, the amount of_____ determines the amount of product produced.
Enzyme
Reactant
Catalyst
Water
Identify the following
Saturated fat
unsaturated fat
protein
nucleic acid
Can an enzyme in the stomach which a pH of 2 work the same in the intestine which a pH of 7?
Yes, it will form new bonds
Yes, it will work correclty
No, it would denature
No, it would explode
What type(s) or bond(s) does carbon have a tendency to form?
Hydrogen
Ionic
Peptide
Covalent Bond
Which property of the carbon atom allows it to bind with a variety of other substances?
Carbon has 8 valence electrons
Carbon has 6 valence electrons
Carbon forms hydrogen bonds
Carbon has 4 valence electrons
In a single molecule of water, the two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by
ionic bonds
nonpolar covalent bonds
hydrogen bonds
polar covalent bonds
An enzyme is primarily made of
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a bond to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified?
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide
Pentosaccharide
Monosaccharide
Which of the following is possible due to the high surface tension of water?
Lakes don't freeze solid in water, despite low temperatures
Organisms resist temperature changes
The pH of water remains exactly neutral
A water strider can walk across the surface of a small pond
1. Which of the following contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen?
a lipid such as wax
a polysaccharide such as starch
a monosaccharide such as glucose
an amino acid such as glycine
Which is the term used for a change in a protein's shape?
Denaturation
Stabilization
Hydrolysis
Renaturation
Describe the general description of a protein
Forms a ring-shape with C,H & O atoms
Spirals into two sides
Made from amino acids bonded by a peptide bond
Has a head with tails
How does hydrogen bonding influence high specific heat of water?
Due to the sun's rays penetrating water
Due to the heat produced when hydrogen bonds break
Due to the large mass of water
Due to the changing climate
What is the function of a protein?
Produces energy
Carries genetic information
Builds muscle, regulates cell processes & speeds reactions
Stores excessive energy
How many electrons does Carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?
1
3
2
4
2. Saturated Fatty Acids..
have double bonds between carbon atoms of the fatty acids
have only single bonds between carbon atoms & fatty acids
are usually liquid at room temperature
are found in corn oil
Which bonds are created during the formation of the primary structure of a protein?
Phosphodiester bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Peptide bonds
Disulfide bonds
Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are...
nonpolar that repel water
Polar that like water
nonpolar that attract water
Charge molecules that like water
Identify the following...
Polypeptide
lipid
Polysaccharide
monosaccharide
Which description best fits a nucleotide?
A nitrogen base & phosphate group
A nitrogen base & 5 carbon sugar
A nitrogen base, a phosphate group & 5 carbon sugar
A 4-carbon sugar & nitrogen base
When a piece of liver is dropped into hydrogen peroxide, the peroxide bubbles vigorously as a result of what reaction?
Peroxide is being broken into water & oxygen
Liver & peroxide joining to make a new protein
Peroxide destroying germs in the liver
More peroxide being created by the liver
The 20 different amino acids found in polypeptides exhibit different chemical & physical properties because of different..
constant groups
amino acids
carboxyl groups
side chains