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Bridges introduction

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  • What were the first bridges over water made from?
    Boats joined together
  • What does functionally obsolete mean?
    the bridge does not meet design standards that are in line with current practice.
  • Describe the span
    Cantilever with suspended span
  • Where would you travel?
    traffic travels on top of the main structure
  • What is this type of bridge?
    Beam
  • What is the difference between a cable stayed and a suspension bridge?
    support the load of the roadway in very different ways
  • Why do stone bridges not need to be held into place?
    Weight of the stone
  • How many dogs does Ms Shaw have?
    2
  • Why are pony end sections needed?
    The pony end section shows knee braces which prevent deflection where the girders and deck meet.
  • How old is this dog?
    2 1/2
  • What is this dog's name?
    Maple
  • Why are arch bridges good?
    great natural strength. Instead of pushing straight down, the weight of an arch bridge is carried outward along the curve of the arch to the supports at the end
  • What is this type of bridge?
    Suspension
  • What type of force are arch bridges under?
    Compression
  • Where would you travel?
    traffic travels through the superstructure (usually a truss) which is cross-braced above and below the traffic.
  • What were early cables for suspension bridges made from?
    Twisted grass
  • Describe the 2 types of forces shown
    Compression - top is squashed, tension - bottom is pulled
  • How old is this dog?
    1 1/2
  • What were the first bridges made out of?
    logs and vines
  • What are the end parts of an arch bridge called?
    Abutments
  • What are the 4 components of concrete?
    Cement, sand, stone, and water
  • Why was wood used to build bridges over moats and small streams? 3 reasons
    Plentiful, easy to work and join, high specific strength, low mass
  • Describe the span
    Simple
  • What is this type of bridge?
    Arch
  • Where would you travel?
    traffic travels between parallel superstructures which are not cross-braced at the top
  • Why was cast iron able to be made?
    Development of blast furnace
  • Describe the span
    Cantilever
  • What are the four main factors that are used when describing a bridge?
    Span, material, placement of travel surface and form
  • What is the advantage of an orthotropic beam?
    resist stress in multiple directions at once. They vary in cross-section and may be open or closed shapes.
  • What does structurally obsolete mean?
    one or more of the key bridge elements is considered to be in “poor” or worse condition
  • What is this type of bridge?
    Cable stayed
  • What is a caisson?
    permanent watertight structure
  • What is this dog's name?
    Roomba
  • Why are the ends of this girder haunched?
    increasing a girder's load capacity while minimizing its web depth is to add haunches at the supported ends.
  • Deck, pony and through trusses are different because of what?
    Where the traffic travels
  • What was the first metal to be used in bridges?
    Cast iron
  • Describe the span
    Continous
  • What is this type of bridge?
    Arch
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