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Bridges introduction

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  • Where would you travel?
    traffic travels between parallel superstructures which are not cross-braced at the top
  • Why are pony end sections needed?
    The pony end section shows knee braces which prevent deflection where the girders and deck meet.
  • What were early cables for suspension bridges made from?
    Twisted grass
  • Describe the span
    Cantilever
  • What is this type of bridge?
    Arch
  • Describe the 2 types of forces shown
    Compression - top is squashed, tension - bottom is pulled
  • What is the difference between a cable stayed and a suspension bridge?
    support the load of the roadway in very different ways
  • Why are arch bridges good?
    great natural strength. Instead of pushing straight down, the weight of an arch bridge is carried outward along the curve of the arch to the supports at the end
  • Why was cast iron able to be made?
    Development of blast furnace
  • What is a caisson?
    permanent watertight structure
  • What is the advantage of an orthotropic beam?
    resist stress in multiple directions at once. They vary in cross-section and may be open or closed shapes.
  • Where would you travel?
    traffic travels on top of the main structure
  • Describe the span
    Cantilever with suspended span
  • What was the first metal to be used in bridges?
    Cast iron
  • What does functionally obsolete mean?
    the bridge does not meet design standards that are in line with current practice.
  • What were the first bridges made out of?
    logs and vines
  • Where would you travel?
    traffic travels through the superstructure (usually a truss) which is cross-braced above and below the traffic.
  • What does structurally obsolete mean?
    one or more of the key bridge elements is considered to be in “poor” or worse condition
  • Describe the span
    Simple
  • What are the four main factors that are used when describing a bridge?
    Span, material, placement of travel surface and form
  • Describe the span
    Continous
  • How many dogs does Ms Shaw have?
    2
  • What is this type of bridge?
    Arch
  • Why are the ends of this girder haunched?
    increasing a girder's load capacity while minimizing its web depth is to add haunches at the supported ends.
  • What is this dog's name?
    Roomba
  • What is this type of bridge?
    Beam
  • What type of force are arch bridges under?
    Compression
  • What were the first bridges over water made from?
    Boats joined together
  • What is this dog's name?
    Maple
  • What is this type of bridge?
    Suspension
  • How old is this dog?
    1 1/2
  • What is this type of bridge?
    Cable stayed
  • What are the 4 components of concrete?
    Cement, sand, stone, and water
  • Deck, pony and through trusses are different because of what?
    Where the traffic travels
  • What are the end parts of an arch bridge called?
    Abutments
  • Why do stone bridges not need to be held into place?
    Weight of the stone
  • How old is this dog?
    2 1/2
  • Why was wood used to build bridges over moats and small streams? 3 reasons
    Plentiful, easy to work and join, high specific strength, low mass
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