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A&P_CHAPTERS1-3_ASSIGMENT1

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  • What is the only unpaired muscle of respiration?
    The diaphragm
  • What is inspiration?
    Breathing in.
  • List all the accessory muscles
    Scalenes, Abdominal muscle, Sternocleidomastoid, internal intercostal and external intercostal.
  • Define vital capacity
    Is the volume of air that can be inhaled after a maximum exhalation. (VC=IRV+TV+ERV)
  • Sleep apnea
    Is a respiratory pathology that affects the communication. There are three types of apneas. Some symptoms are: snoring, breathing stops during sleep, dry mouth.
  • Define anatomy.
    Anatomy is the study of the structure of an organism.
  • What is expiration?
    Breath out.
  • Frontal view
    Pertaining to the front.
  • What is a diaphragm? Describe it
    It is the most important muscles for respiration. It has the shape of a dome and occupies 60% of air capacity.
  • Describe the superficial view.
    Towards the surface or closer to the surface of the body.
  • What is the intraoral pressure?
    Is the air pressure measured within the mouth.
  • What is a manometer.
    Is a tool used to measure the air pressure.
  • Describe the trachea
    Is a cartilaginous tube that connects the larynx and the bronchial passageway. It helps to draw and expel air to the lungs and out.
  • Describe the lateral view.
    Seen from the side. (Away from the middle point)
  • Describe the external intercostal muscles.
    They are cartilaginous muscles located at the edge of each rib. It helps elevate the rib cage and is responsible for inspiration.
  • Describe the total lung capacity.
    Is the sum of inspiratory reserve volume+tidal volume+expiratory reserve volume. It totals 5100 cc approximately
  • Describe the epithelial tissue
    Is the cells that make up the skin and mucous membrane as well as linking of cavities of the body.
  • What is physiology?
    Physiology is the study of the function of living organism.
  • What is the pleura?
    Is a thin membrane that covers the lungs.
  • Describe the connective tissue
    Is the most complex tissue. provides support and protection and can be solid, liquid or gel-like. We have it all over our body.
  • Describe the central nervous system.
    It provides the means to help us process, perceive and make sense on information.
  • What is respiration?
    Is the exchange of gas between an organism and the environment. It occurs in the alveolar sac in the lungs.
  • Describe the neurons. (What are they, what is their function?)
    They are nerve cell tissues responsible of sending various information to the brain. we have 20-25 billion neurons in the cerebral cortex.
  • What is the sub glottal pressure?
    Is the pressure below the level of the vocal folds. This kind of pressure is necessary for speech.
  • What is the propose of the accessory muscles?
    The muscles around the neck, chest and abdomen that support the lungs in case of a breathing distress, among other functions.
  • What is emphysema?
    Is a lung condition that causes shortness of breath. This happens when the alveoli breaks down. Some causes are: pollution, smoking or hereditary factors.
  • What is COPD?
    Stands for: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. There are two types: Emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
  • What are the internal intercostal muscles?
    Absent ear the vertebral column. They are muscles of expiration. It depresses the rib cage.
  • Explain Boyle's Law
    States that the pressure will vary inversely with volume. When more volume is apply, the pressure decreases.
  • Describe the scalenes. (Where are they?, what is its fuction?)
    The muscles of the neck. They provide stability and facilitates rotation. They also let the thorax expand vertically.
  • What is pneumonia?
    is an infection in the lungs where the alveoli fills up with fluid or pus. It could be viral or bacterial.
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