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REVIEW CLASS

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  • Define: synonymy in translation
    words whose literal meanings are identical in range.
  • Define: cultural transposition
    Any degree of departure from a purely literal translation needed to transfer the content of an ST into the context of a target culture
  • "No text exists in total isolation from other texts" refers to the ....... level
    intertextual
  • Give an example of Compensation by splitting
    A simple example is furnished by the Spanish verb ‘escasear’, which, for literal exactitude, has to be translated as ‘to be in short supply’.
  • Define: Compensation by merging
    to condense ST features carried over a relatively long stretch of text into a relatively short stretch of the TT
  • ¡Sentaros!’ instead of ‘¡Sentaos!’ is an example of ...
    sociolect
  • Define: Cultural borrowing:
    Transfering a ST expression verbatim into the TT.
  • What is the prosodic level?
    Utterances count as ‘metrically’ structured stretches, within which syllables have varying degrees of prominence
  • Give an example of HYPONOMY
    She had a baby - She had a baby girl
  • What are cultural issues in translation?
    Issues related: Translation proper involves not just a transfer of information between two languages, but a transfer from one culture to another.
  • Define: anaphora
    the replacement of previously used words and phrases by elements such as pronouns or adverbs that refer back to them
  • a ‘politeness scale’ is useful to determine:
    tonal register
  • Name The formal properties of texts relevant in translation
    PHONIC/GRAPHIC LEVEL, and THE PROSODIC LEVEL
  • What is a "foot" in translation? (English prosodic level)
    A foot is a conventional group of stressed and/or unstressed syllables occurring in a specific order
  • Define Calque
    Structure of the TL name imitates that of the SL name, but grammatical slots in it are filled with TL units translating the individual meaningful units of SL
  • Define: Dialect
    syntactic and sentential features that give away information about one’s association with a particular region.
  • When do we Use a semi-colon in English
    used to link (in a single sentence) two independent clauses between items in a list or series if any of the items contain commas
  • What is a word system?
    a pattern of words having an associative common denominator, a pattern which nurtures the theme and message of the text with greater intensity
  • What are Illocutionary particles?
    Relating to or being the communicative effect (such as commanding or requesting) of an utterance
  • Define: Cultural transplantation
    SL names are replaced by indigenous TL names that are not their referential equivalents but have similar cultural connotations.
  • Name some differences in punctuation between English and Spanish
    the use of colons and semi-colons
  • What is THE DISCOURSE LEVEL?
    This level is concerned both with relations between sentences and with relations between larger units: paragraphs, stanzas, chapters, volumes and so on.
  • What are the types of grammatical arrangement?
    the successive patterns whereby words are linked to form phrases the patterns by which complex and compound words are formed
  • Name the TYPES OF COMPENSATION
    In kind, Compensation in place, Compensation by merging, Compensation by splitting
  • Difference between Spanish and English prosodic level?
    Whereas a line of modern Spanish verse is defined in terms of a syllable count, lines in English verse are conventionally defined in terms of feet.
  • What does compensation mean in the context of translation?
    Techniques of making up for the loss of important ST features through replicating ST effects approximately in the TT by means other than those used in the ST.
  • Give examples of iconic and iconically motivated onomatopoeias
    Iconic: boom! Iconically motivated: Ronroneo
  • Define: Compensation in kind
    This refers to making up for one type of textual effect in the ST by another type in the TT.
  • Define: Transliteration
    conversional conventions are used to alter the phonic/graphic shape of the ST name bringing it more in line with TL patterns of pronunciation and spelling.
  • Define: cogency
    The degree to which a text hangs together
  • "A woman must have a thorough knowledge of music, singing, drawing, dancing, all the modern languages, to deserve the word; and besides all this, she must possess a certain something in her air and manner of walking, the tone of her voice"
    Social Register
  • Define phonic/graphic level
    Sequence of sound segments (phonemes) if it is an oral text, or as a sequence of letters (graphemes) if it is a written one.
  • What is the golden rule in technical translation?
    Never be too proud or embarrassed to ask for help or advice.
  • Define: Compensation in place
    making up for the loss of a particular effect found at a given place in the ST by creating a corresponding effect at an earlier or later place in the TT
  • What's the difference between cohesion and coherence
    too long to type in here: the teacher decides haha
  • Give an example of HYPERONYMY
    ‘I bought a boat’ - ‘I bought a yatch’
  • What are the problems related to technical translation?
    lexical and CONCEPTUAL
  • ‘Where’s the boy, then?’
    In this case the word "then" is an example of ...........
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