A protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions is called a(n) __________________.
enzyme
Chemical bond formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another
ionic bond
A substance with a pH of 14 would be considered a(n) ____________________.
strong base
weak acid
strong acid
weak base
Which of these examples is NOT made up of proteins?
cellulose
hair
fingernails
enzymes
Nucleic Acids are important for life because they __________________________.
Store genetic information/hold instructions for making proteins
elements or compounds that participate in a chemical reaction
reactant
Glycogen is an example of a ____________.
carbohydrate
Olive Oil would be an example of what type of fat/lipid?
Unsaturated Fat
Which of the following would NOT be an example of a monosaccharide?
fructose
sucrose
none of these
glucose
An acid releases what type of ion in solution?
Hydrogen (H+)
A disaccharide is made up of ______________________.
Two monosaccharides
Olive Oil is an example of a ___________.
lipid
Glucose is an example of a ________________.
Carbohydrate
Cerumen (earwax) is an example of a ___________.
lipid
Describe the significance of water having a high heat capacity and a high heat of vaporization for humans.
allows for our bodies to avoid drastic changes in temperature and allows our bodies to cool off when sweating; ultimately allows our bodies to maintain homeosta
Energy input that is needed for a reaction to begin is called _____________________.
activation energy
What are the two factors we discussed that influence enzyme activity?
temperature & pH
Most enzymes end with this suffix.
-ase
material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together; not chemically combined.
mixture
In a solution, what is the name for the substance that DOES the dissolving?
Solvent
Name the monomer of a carbohydrate.
Monosaccharide
Carbohydrates are made up of what three elements?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
With proteins, _____________ determines its function
shape
both shape & number of elements
none of these
number of elements
If a substance has a pH of 6.5, this substance would be considered a(n) ________________.
acid
Hemoglobin is an example of a _______________.
protein
A type of bond between atoms in which electrons are shared.
Ionic Bond
none of these
Metallic Bond
Covalent Bond
RNA is an example of a _______________.
Nucleic acid
slight attraction that develops between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules.
Van der Waals forces
___________ are formed by covalent bonds.
atoms
isotopes
molecules
ions
Which of the following carbohydrates is a polysaccharide?
fructose
sucrose
glucose
starch
elements or compounds produced in a chemical reaction
products
Which of the following doesn’t match up the proper monomer with its corresponding macromolecule?
lipid - amino acid
carbohydrate - monosaccharide
nucleic acid - nucleotide
none of these
Which of the following is NOT an element that can be found in proteins?
nitrogen
carbon
oxygen
none of these
Sucrose is an example of a _________________.
Carbohydrate
molecule composed of many monomers; makes up macromolecules
Polymer
_____________ are the building blocks of proteins.
Amino Acids
____________ are special ___________ that speed up or slow down reactions.
Proteins, Triglycerides
Enzymes, proteins
Enzymes, lipids
Triglycerides, lipids
A base releases what type of ion in solution?
Hydroxide (OH-)
Tomato, lemon juice, & apple cider vinegar would all be examples of _________.
acids
Name the monomer of a lipid.
triglyceride
A(n) _______________ is a substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction.
monosaccharide
amino acid
catalyst
polymer
Lipase is an example of a _______________.
protein
A weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom is called a _______________.
Hydrogen Bond
type of mixture in which all the components are evenly distributed
solution (homogeneous mixture)
Name the monomer of a protein.
amino acid
Which of the following pairs is unrelated?
cellulose - carbohydrate
DNA - nucleic acid
glycogen - lipid
amino acid - protein
reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
substrate
What happens to the electrons in a COVALENT bond?
electrons are shared
Antibodies are an example of ______________.
proteins
The Phospholipid Bilayer is an example of a _______________.
lipid
______________ are weak acids or bases that help neutralize other acids or bases.
Buffers
Name the monomer of a Nucleic Acid.
nucleotide
In a solution, what is the name of the substance that is being dissolved?
solute
small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
monomer
Which of the following would be an example of a base?
Shampoo
All of these
Ammonia
Drain Cleaner
Which of the following items is NOT a protein type?
transport proteins
none of these
contractile proteins
antibodies
What are the two parts of a solution?
Solute & Sovlent
Enzymes act by ____________ the amount of activation energy needed in a reaction.
Lowering
Water "sticking" to other water molecules would be an example of ______________________.
adhesion
cohesion
capillary action
heat of vaporization
Water sticking to its container would be an example of _____________.
adhesion
heat capacity
cohesion
heat of vaporization
ATP is an example of a _________________.
nucleic acid
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