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China Topic 1 Revision

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  • What economic policy replaced collective farming?
    The Household Responsibility System.
  • Who took over much of the economic planning after the Great Leap Forward? (2 ppl)
    Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping.
  • What was one positive and one negative impact of the Korean War on China?
    It increased China’s prestige but strained its economy.
  • What year did Deng Xiaoping begin implementing the Four Modernisations?
    1978
  • How did the Four Modernisations contribute to China’s shift towards a market economy?
    They introduced reforms like private farming, foreign investment, and economic incentives
  • What was the role of the PLA (People’s Liberation Army) in consolidation?
    To enforce CCP control, suppress rebellions, defend the PRC and reunify
  • What alliance treaty did China sign with the USSR in 1950?
    Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance
  • What campaign in 1950 targeted landlords and redistributed land to peasants?
    Agrarian Reform Campaign
  • What year was the first Five-Year Plan launched?
    1953
  • What was the main purpose of the “Three Antis” campaign?
    To eliminate corruption, waste, and bureaucracy
  • What were the “Four Olds”?
    Old ideas, culture, customs, and habits.
  • How were intellectuals targeted during the Cultural Revolution?
    Humiliation, imprisonment, re-education in labour camps.
  • What was one major cause of the Great Famine (1959–61)?
    Unrealistic targets, poor management, and state grain requisitioning.
  • When did the PLA enter Tibet?
    1950
  • What are SEZs (Special Economic Zones)?
    Areas allowing foreign investment and market-based policies.
  • What were the main aims of the Great Leap Forward?
    To rapidly industrialise and increase agricultural production.
  • What was the Hundred Flowers Campaign’s original aim?
    To encourage intellectuals to speak freely and offer constructive criticism
  • What were the two main aims of Mao’s early political campaigns?
    To consolidate Communist power and eliminate opposition.
  • What year was the People’s Republic of China established?
    1949
  • What was Mao’s goal in extending control to Tibet and Xinjiang?
    To achieve territorial unity and secure China’s borders.
  • What were people’s communes designed to do?
    Combine farming, industry, and social life to boost collective productivity.
  • What agreement formalised Tibet’s incorporation into China?
    The Seventeen Point Agreement (1951).
  • What was one social consequence of Deng’s reforms?
    Rising corruption and a growing middle class.
  • What was the CCP’s justification for integrating Tibet?
    To “liberate” Tibet from feudalism and imperialism.
  • What was the “Five Antis” campaign aimed at eliminating?
    Attacking bribery, tax evasion, theft of state property, cheating on government contracts, and stealing state economic information
  • What did Deng Xiaoping prioritise over ideology?
    Economic modernisation and pragmatism (“It doesn’t matter if the cat is black or white...”).
  • What was the official ideology of the new PRC?
    Marxism-Leninism (adapted as Mao Zedong Thought)
  • 1. In what year did the Chinese Communist Party declare the People’s Republic of China?
    1949
  • What was the main purpose of the Reform through Labour (Laogai) system?
    To punish dissenters and re-educate them through manual work.
  • Which modernisation encouraged students to study overseas?
    Science & Technology
  • How did Deng’s reforms affect urban and rural inequality?
    They increased the wealth gap between city and countryside.
  • Name one terror campaign implemented by Mao.
    The five antis, the three antis
  • Name one reform implemented by the CCP?
    Land, Womens, social, industrial, economic, education
  • True or False: The Four Modernisations completely ended state control of the economy.
    False. The state still controlled key industries
  • What was the goal of modernising agriculture?
    To increase food production and end shortages
  • Name one of the Four Modernisations.
    Agriculture, Industry, Defence, Science & Technology
  • Which major war helped the CCP rally nationalist support in 1950–53?
    Korean war
  • What was a key challenge in governing Xinjiang?
    Resistance from Uyghur Muslims and cultural tensions.
  • Which group suffered the most deaths during the Land Reform Campaign?
    Landlords
  • Who introduced the Four Modernisations in China?
    Deng Xiaoping
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