Who were the first two advanced civilizations in Greek history?
The Minoans and Mycenaeans
Who were the patron gods of Athens and Sparta?
In Athens the patron goddess was Athena, the goddess of wisdom. In Sparta the The patron god was Apollo, the god of the sun and music.
What are the main differences between the governmental systems of Athens and Sparta?
Athens had a democracy where citizens could vote and participate in government. While Sparta had an oligarchy with two kings and a council of elders, focused on
What was the Agora, and why was it important in ancient Greece?
was a central marketplace and public space in Greek cities, where people gathered for discussions, trade, and political meetings.
Name the war where Greek city-states united against a common enemy and gained victory despite being outnumbered.
Persian War
What is the name for a period of great peace and prosperity for the Roman Empire?
Pax Romana
How would you describe a tyranny?
a person who illegally gained power but had the people’s support and brought better life to the people
In whos honor where the olympic games held?
The Olympic Games were held to honor the gods, especially Zeus, and were a way to celebrate athletic skill and unity.
How would you describe a democracy?
government where power lay in the hands of all citizens ( not everyone was a citizen)
How would you describe an aristocracy?
ruled by a few “noble” families based on birth or social rank
What happened to Sparta and Athens city-states after the Peloponnesian War?
they were weakened, divided, and vulnerable to external invasion
At the southern tip of which large landform is Greece located?
The Balkan Peninsula
What was the main difference between Sparta and Athens?
Sparta was a military city-state focused on discipline and strength, while Athens was focused on culture, philosophy, and democracy.
What did Socrates believe in?
Believed in questioning everything to find truth
Name one of the structures Qin Shi Huangdi is famous for building.
the Great Wall of China
What did the Greeks believe about the emotions of their gods?
The Greeks believed their gods had human-like emotions, such as anger, jealousy, love, and revenge.
What was the last empire that Alexander the Great conquered
The Persian Empire
What are some of Qin Shi Huangdi accomplishments during his rule?
made sure that all of China used the same weights, measures, writing.
How did Rome influence later civilizations?
Rome influenced later civilizations with its system of laws and justice
Who were Plato, Aristotle, and Socrates?
Greek Philosophers
What caused the Persian wars?
The Greeks support for a rebellion against Persia, particularly the Ionian Revolt.
How many conflicts were there in the Punic Wars?
3 conflicts (wars)
Which rivers were important to the growth of Chinese dynasties?
Huang He River (Yellow River), Yangtze River(Chang Jiang), Xia Jiang River
What did Aristotle believe?
Believed in studying the natural world and using logic and reason to understand it.
What did Greek city-states have in common?
language, religion, and cultural practices.
How did the Romans generally treat the people they conquered?
The Romans generally allowed conquered people to become Roman citizens if they accepted Roman rule and were loyal.
What was the Mandate of Heaven?
the belief that rulers received their power from the gods.
Which two groups fought in the Peloponnesian War?
The Delian League (led by Athens) and the Peloponnesian League (led by Sparta) fought in the Peloponnesian War.
Name the major Chinese philosophies.
Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism.
What was significant about the Hellenistic Period in Greek history?
Greek culture spread to other parts of the world (non-Greek areas), mixing with local cultures and creating a new, blended civilization.
Which three main periods is Roman history divided into?
divided into the Kingdom, Republic, and Empire periods.
What was Platos belief?
Believed in ideal forms and that reality is based on ideas, not material things.
What was the Acropolis, and why was it important in ancient Greece?
The Acropolis was a high, fortified area in Greek cities, often housing important temples, such as the Parthenon, and serving as a center for religion and gov
Name the leaders who formed Rome’s First Triumvirate.
Pompey, Crassus, and Caesar
How would you describe an oligarchy?
a few wealthy people hold power
what did the mandate of heaven mean for Chinese rulers?
It meant that a ruler’s authority was granted by heaven, and if a ruler became corrupt or failed to lead properly, the gods could take away their power and give
Which are the first four Chinese dynastys that historians have proven existed?
Shang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty
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