(1042-1066) The son of Aethelred the Unready and Emma of Normandy, he is usually regarded as the last king of the House of Wessex. His death launched...
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William the Conqueror
Invaded England from Normandy in 1066; extended tight feudal system to England; established administrative system based on sheriffs; established centr...
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Harold Godwinson
Most powerful noble, became king of England in 1066 after death of Edward the Confessor, ruled for brief time until defeated and killed at the Battle...
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Battle of Hastings
the decisive battle in which William the Conqueror (duke of Normandy) defeated the Saxons under Harold II (1066) and thus left England open for the No...
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Domesday Book
A record of all the property and holdings in England commissioned by William the Conqueror in 1066 so he could determine the extent of his lands and w...
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Stephen of England
the last of the Norman monarchs who fought a civil war against Henry II
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Henry II of England
Married Eleanor of Aquitaine and got French land from her, strengthened royal courts, introduced jury and common law
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common law
A legal system based on custom and court rulings
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Richard I of England
This was the English king who led the Third Crusade. Also called Richard the Lionhearted
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Eleanor of Aquitaine
powerful French duchess; divorced the king of France to marry Henry II of England and ruled all of England and about half of France with him
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crusade
one of the expeditions in which medieval Christian warriors sought to recover control of the Holy Land from the Muslims
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John I of England
1215, King of England that signed the Magna Carta
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baron
the lowest rank of English nobility
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Magna Carta
the royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John in 1215
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due process of law
the right of every citizen against arbitrary action by national or state governments
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habeas corpus
An order to produce an arrested person before a judge.