DNA & Protein Synthesis | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

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Structure of DNA, Transcription, Translation

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Anabolism can be defined as...

The building of molecules-like creating PGAL during photosynthesis

Breaking ATP into ADP and a phosphate group is an example of

Catabolism

The sugar in DNA is

deoxyribose

Chargaff's Rule says that in DNA, Adenine bonds with ______, so they must be equal

Thymine

In DNA, Adenine binds with _______, but in RNA, Adenine binds with _______

Thymine; Uracil

What are the four different nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

Watson & Crick were the first to develop and fully fleshed out model of DNA. They said the structure of DNA was what?

A double helix

If 30% of a DNA sample was found to be Guanine, what are the percentages of the other bases?

G-30%, C-30%, A-20%, T-20%

Going from DNA to mRNA is called...

Transcription

Going from mRNA to amino acids is called..

Translation

Translate the given mRNA sequence: 5'-AUGACCGUUAGG-3'

Met-Thr-Val-Arg

The strand of DNA that mRNA is NOT built onto, but will match, is called the

Coding strand

RNA polymerase is an enzyme that does what?

Adds complementary RNA nucleotides (A, U, G, or C) to the template strand of DNA to create a single strand of mRNA

One key difference between a DNA nucleotide and RNA nucleotide lies within the sugars they are built with. What is this difference?

Deoxyribose does not have a hydroxyl (OH) group on the 2' carbon whereas the Ribose does.

mRNA is a type of RNA that has what function?

mRNA is a copy of a section of DNA that can be translated into an amino acid sequence.

tRNA is a type of RNA that has what function?

transfer RNA (tRNA) has an anti-codon that matches the codon on the mRNA. Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid depending on the anti-codon.