Share The Respiratory System
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What is decompression sickness? ("the bends")
occurs when a diver is submerged in water beyond a certain depth and returns too quickly to the surface
Damage to the lung from rapid or excessive pressure changes describes what condition?
Pulmonary barotrauma
What law states that the total pressure exerted by mixture of gases is equal to sum of partial pressures exerted by each gas?
Dalton's law
What law states that when a gas is in contact with a liquid, the gas will dissolve in the liquid in proportion to its partial pressure?
Henry's law
What is partial pressure?
Pressure exerted by each gas in mixture. Is directly proportional to its percentage in mixture
What is anatomical dead space?
Does not contribute to gas exchange. Consists of air that remains in passageways; ~150 ml out of 500 ml TV
What is space occupied by nonfunctional alveoli? Can be due to collapse or obstruction.
Alveolar dead space
What is total dead space?
sum of anatomical and alveolar dead space
Total amount of gas that flows in/out of respiratory tract in 1 minute
Minute ventilation
Flow of gases into and out of alveoli over time
Alveolar ventilation rate (AVR)
What is Tidal Volume (TV)?
Amount of air moved into and out of lung with each breath. Averages ~500ml
What is the amount of air that can be inspired forcibly beyond the tidal volume?
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
What is Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)?
amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from lungs
What is residual volume (RV)?
Amount of air that always remains in lungs. Needed to keep alveoli open
What capacity is the sum of TV + IRV?
Inspiratory capacity (IC)
What is Functional residual capacity (FRC)?
sum of RV + ERV
