Organic Chemistry and Functional Groups | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

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Study Slideshow

Where do you find Carbon on the Periodic Table? What does its position mean?

Carbon is found in Period 2 meaning it has two electron shells to accommodate six electrons. It is found in Group 4A because it has four valence electrons.

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When applied to carbon, what do the terms "Tetrahedral" and "Tetravalent" mean?

Because carbon has four valence elections it is tetravalent. This arrangement allows it to form structures that look like 3D pyramids that are tetrahedral.

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In carbon chemistry, what is catenation?

Carbon has the ability to bond to itself and form stable chain, ring, and branched compounds.

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Which has the stronger bond? Carbon to Carbon or Silcon to Silcon? Can you explain why?

Carbon to Carbon bonds are stronger because carbon atoms are smaller.

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Can you name the four carbon-based molecules that make up about 25% of most human cells?

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids

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True or False? Carbon atoms typically love to give away their electrons.

False! Under normal circumstances carbon atoms will NOT give away their electrons. Instead, they form covalent bonds.

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Carbon has an electronegativity of 2.5 on the periodic table. What does this mean?

Electronegativity is an atom's ability to draw electrons close to itself. Because it is relatively weak, carbon shares electrons instead of stealing them.

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Consider the compound, C2H4. Will it be tetrahedral?

No. This compound will have a double bond between the two carbon atoms which will give it a flat plane shape.

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Nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I) as well as the metals lithium (Li) and magnesium (Mg) are all considered to be __________. Why?

Heteroatoms. This is because they are all noncarbon atoms that can replace carbon in the backbone of an organic molecule.

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Are all of these structures considered to be carbon skeletons? Can you explain why?

Yes. They are all patterns that carbon atoms can form when they bond together to make molecules.

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This type of carbon-ring molecule is known as a ____________.

Heme group. This one is found in the hemoglobin proteins of red blood cells.

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This molecule is ATP. What would the molecule be known as if it were missing two phophate groups?

It would be a nucleotide.

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Various combinations of carbon and hydrogen atoms which form compounds that are nonpolar and hydrophobic are typically known as __________.

hydrocarbons

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These two identical molecules are great examples of __________.

Isomers. They have the exact same molecular formula but different atomic arrangements.

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These two amino acids show "handiness". Since they are "mirror images" of each other they are isomers specifically known as ___________.

Stereoisomers

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What caused this birth defect to happen? Be specific!

Pregnant mothers were given the wrong stereoisomer of molecule known as thalidomide.

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