Share BIOTECH GREEK AND LATIN WORDS: EXAMPLES
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karyotype
the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei
cytoplasm
the jelly-like substance filling a cell
glycolysis
the breakdown of glucose by enzymes
chromosome
a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein carrying genetic information
pathogenic
causing or capable of producing disease
bacteriophage
a virus that parasitizes a bacterium by infecting it
transgenic
containing genetic material into which DNA from an unrelated organism has been artificially introduced
polymerase
an enzyme that synthesizes long chains of polymers or nucleic acids
oligonucleotide
a polynucleotide whose molecules contain a relatively small number of nucleotides
homozygous
having two identical alleles of a particular gene
heterozygous
having two different alleles of a particular gene
endonuclease
an enzyme that cleaves a polynucleotide chain by separating nucleotides internally
exocytosis
a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior
eukaryote
an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus
prokaryote
a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles
phenotype
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
