Share Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 2 Review 2025
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Which of the following best defines an element?
A substance that can be broken down into simpler substances
A form of energy that has mass
A substance that cannot be broken down by normal means
A combination of two or more compounds
The smallest unit of an element that still retains the properties of that element is called a(n) ________________.
atom
proton
compound
molecule
Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
electron
neutron
proton
The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of _________________.
protons
all of these
electrons
neutrons
Isotopes of an element have different numbers of _________________.
all of these
neutrons
protons
electrons
An ionic bond is formed when ___________________.
to ions repel each other
electrons are shared between two atoms
two atoms share protons
electrons are transferred from one atom to another
Covalent bonds are formed by ________________.
hydrogen bonding between polar molecules
the sharing of electron pairs
the attraction between oppositely charged ions
the transfer of electrons
In a chemical equation, the substances on the left side of the arrow are the:
enzymes
products
reactants
catalysts
A decomposition reaction is represented as:
AB + CD --> AD + BC
AB --> A + B
A + B --> AB
AB + C --> A + BC
Which of the following best describes an exergonic reaction?
releases energy
absorbs energy
occurs only in the absence of oxygen
requires enzymes to occur
Which of the following best describes an endergonic reaction?
releases energy
occurs only in the absence of oxygen
requires enzymes to occur
absorbs energy
Enzymes function by __________________________.
becoming permanently altered in the chemical reaction
slowing down chemical reactions
increasing the amount of activation energy
lowering the amount of activation energy
The most abundant inorganic compound in the human body is _________________.
carbon dioxide
water
oxygen
sodium chloride
An acid is a compound that ____________________.
accepts hydrogen ions (H+) in solution
increases pH in solution
Neutralizes bases by releasing hydroxide ions (OH-)
releases hydrogen ions (H+) in solution
A solution with a pH of 8 is _____________________.
a weak acid
a weak base
a strong base
a strong acid
The main energy currency of cells is _________.
ATP
