Share Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 2 Review 2025
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Which of the following best defines an element?
A combination of two or more compounds
A form of energy that has mass
A substance that can be broken down into simpler substances
A substance that cannot be broken down by normal means
The smallest unit of an element that still retains the properties of that element is called a(n) ________________.
atom
molecule
compound
proton
Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
proton
neutron
electron
The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of _________________.
all of these
neutrons
electrons
protons
Isotopes of an element have different numbers of _________________.
electrons
protons
neutrons
all of these
An ionic bond is formed when ___________________.
electrons are shared between two atoms
two atoms share protons
to ions repel each other
electrons are transferred from one atom to another
Covalent bonds are formed by ________________.
the transfer of electrons
hydrogen bonding between polar molecules
the sharing of electron pairs
the attraction between oppositely charged ions
In a chemical equation, the substances on the left side of the arrow are the:
products
catalysts
enzymes
reactants
A decomposition reaction is represented as:
A + B --> AB
AB + C --> A + BC
AB --> A + B
AB + CD --> AD + BC
Which of the following best describes an exergonic reaction?
occurs only in the absence of oxygen
requires enzymes to occur
releases energy
absorbs energy
Which of the following best describes an endergonic reaction?
requires enzymes to occur
occurs only in the absence of oxygen
absorbs energy
releases energy
Enzymes function by __________________________.
lowering the amount of activation energy
slowing down chemical reactions
increasing the amount of activation energy
becoming permanently altered in the chemical reaction
The most abundant inorganic compound in the human body is _________________.
sodium chloride
oxygen
water
carbon dioxide
An acid is a compound that ____________________.
Neutralizes bases by releasing hydroxide ions (OH-)
accepts hydrogen ions (H+) in solution
releases hydrogen ions (H+) in solution
increases pH in solution
A solution with a pH of 8 is _____________________.
a strong acid
a weak base
a strong base
a weak acid
The main energy currency of cells is _________.
ATP
