Share Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 2 Review 2025
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Which of the following best defines an element?
A substance that cannot be broken down by normal means
A combination of two or more compounds
A form of energy that has mass
A substance that can be broken down into simpler substances
The smallest unit of an element that still retains the properties of that element is called a(n) ________________.
molecule
proton
atom
compound
Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
neutron
proton
electron
The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of _________________.
neutrons
protons
electrons
all of these
Isotopes of an element have different numbers of _________________.
electrons
all of these
neutrons
protons
An ionic bond is formed when ___________________.
electrons are transferred from one atom to another
electrons are shared between two atoms
two atoms share protons
to ions repel each other
Covalent bonds are formed by ________________.
the transfer of electrons
the attraction between oppositely charged ions
the sharing of electron pairs
hydrogen bonding between polar molecules
In a chemical equation, the substances on the left side of the arrow are the:
catalysts
products
reactants
enzymes
A decomposition reaction is represented as:
AB + CD --> AD + BC
AB --> A + B
AB + C --> A + BC
A + B --> AB
Which of the following best describes an exergonic reaction?
requires enzymes to occur
releases energy
absorbs energy
occurs only in the absence of oxygen
Which of the following best describes an endergonic reaction?
occurs only in the absence of oxygen
requires enzymes to occur
releases energy
absorbs energy
Enzymes function by __________________________.
slowing down chemical reactions
lowering the amount of activation energy
increasing the amount of activation energy
becoming permanently altered in the chemical reaction
The most abundant inorganic compound in the human body is _________________.
water
sodium chloride
oxygen
carbon dioxide
An acid is a compound that ____________________.
accepts hydrogen ions (H+) in solution
increases pH in solution
releases hydrogen ions (H+) in solution
Neutralizes bases by releasing hydroxide ions (OH-)
A solution with a pH of 8 is _____________________.
a weak acid
a weak base
a strong base
a strong acid
The main energy currency of cells is _________.
ATP
