Share 12 Bio - Cells as the Basis of Life
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What is the cell hierarchy?
Cells , tissues, organs, organ systems
What is the fluid mosaic model?
Fluid refers to the ability of lipids and proteins to move sideways in the membrane. Mosaic refers to the pattern formed by the variety of integral/peripheral p
What is the structure of a phospholipid?
Hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
What are the 4 functions of membrane proteins
Transport, channel, receptors (integral) and enzymes (peripheral).
what are the 4 types of cell signalling
Paracrine, Synaptic, Autocrine and endocrine signaling.
Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells are smaller, simpler and less specialised than eukaryotic cells. They do not have membrane-bound organelles.
What is the function of the nucleus?
Controls the activity of the cell; regulates the transcription of genes and is involved in directing protein synthesis
What is the function of the nucleolus?
Involved in the formation of ribosomes (which are the site of protein synthesis)
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Functions as the site of aerobic respiration; generating ATP molecules for energy within the cell
What is the function of the choloroplast?
Site of photosynthesis in plants, typically in cells located in the leaves
What is the function of the vacuole?
Vacuoles typically for storage of food, nutrients and waste.Vesicles filled with various contents to be transported into/out of the cell (exo/endocytosis)
What is the function of the golgi body?
Involved in the processing and packaging of molecules into vesicles for exocytosis
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Involved in intra-cellular transport, and is also the site of proteins synthesis (via imbedded ribosomes)
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Involved in the synthesis of lipids
What is the function of the ribosome?
the site of protein synthesis
What is the function of the lysosome?
Involved in the breakdown of material: Non-functioning organelles Cell debris/materials engulfed (via endocytosis)
