Share 11.5 USHG - Gilded Age & Progressive Era
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The term “Gilded Age” refers to a period when
Wealth and industrial growth masked serious social problems
Democracy expanded for all citizens
Agriculture became the leading industry
Political equality increased for minorities
A major reason for industrial growth after the Civil War was
Limited access to energy resources
Expansion of railroads and a large labor force
Government takeover of businesses
Declining immigration to cities
Laissez-faire capitalism is the belief that
The government should set all prices
Foreign trade should be banned
Unions must approve business practices
The economy functions best with little government
“Robber baron” was a term used to criticize
Farmers who raised crop prices
Business leaders who used ruthless tactics for wealth
Civil War generals who entered politics
Judges who ruled against big business
The Bessemer process was essential to
Extracting coal from the West
Shipping grain by rail
Building cotton gins in factories
Producing strong, inexpensive steel
Andrew Carnegie is known for his work in
Steel production and philanthropy
Railroad construction across Canada
The oil and gas industries
Reforming the stock market
Rockefeller used horizontal integration to
Promote anti-trust legislation
Hire immigrant workers
Partner with labor unions
Control other companies in the same industry
The rise of monopolies in the Gilded Age led to
Less competition and higher prices
Stronger worker protections
Fewer strikes and lockouts
Greater product variety for consumers
The Sherman Antitrust Act was passed to
Encourage foreign imports
Control state legislatures
Reduce the influence of monopolies
Limit the power of farmers’ cooperatives
Workers formed labor unions to
Avoid paying income taxes
Buy shares in companies
Improve wages and working conditions
End voting restrictions
Both the Knights of Labor and the AFL supported
Better pay and shorter workdays
Government-run factories
Business mergers
Reduced immigration
The Haymarket Affair caused
Major tariff reductions
Public fear of unions and anarchists
Trust in labor leaders to increase
Anti-trust laws to expand
Most “New Immigrants” came from
South America and Australia
Africa and Asia
Southern and Eastern Europe
Northern Europe and Scandinavia
A common push factor for immigrants was
A growing U.S. middle class
Persecution and poverty in home countries
American public schools
Access to Western land
Tenements were known for being
Located on the outskirts of towns
Large family estates
Well-regulated by health codes
Crowded and unsanitary urban buildings
Political machines gained support by
Enforcing literacy tests
Providing jobs and services to immigrants
Attacking labor unions
Supporting Prohibition laws
