Share 11.5 USHG - Gilded Age & Progressive Era
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The term “Gilded Age” refers to a period when
Political equality increased for minorities
Agriculture became the leading industry
Democracy expanded for all citizens
Wealth and industrial growth masked serious social problems
A major reason for industrial growth after the Civil War was
Expansion of railroads and a large labor force
Declining immigration to cities
Government takeover of businesses
Limited access to energy resources
Laissez-faire capitalism is the belief that
Unions must approve business practices
Foreign trade should be banned
The government should set all prices
The economy functions best with little government
“Robber baron” was a term used to criticize
Farmers who raised crop prices
Business leaders who used ruthless tactics for wealth
Civil War generals who entered politics
Judges who ruled against big business
The Bessemer process was essential to
Shipping grain by rail
Producing strong, inexpensive steel
Extracting coal from the West
Building cotton gins in factories
Andrew Carnegie is known for his work in
Railroad construction across Canada
Reforming the stock market
The oil and gas industries
Steel production and philanthropy
Rockefeller used horizontal integration to
Hire immigrant workers
Partner with labor unions
Control other companies in the same industry
Promote anti-trust legislation
The rise of monopolies in the Gilded Age led to
Fewer strikes and lockouts
Less competition and higher prices
Stronger worker protections
Greater product variety for consumers
The Sherman Antitrust Act was passed to
Limit the power of farmers’ cooperatives
Encourage foreign imports
Reduce the influence of monopolies
Control state legislatures
Workers formed labor unions to
Improve wages and working conditions
Avoid paying income taxes
End voting restrictions
Buy shares in companies
Both the Knights of Labor and the AFL supported
Government-run factories
Reduced immigration
Better pay and shorter workdays
Business mergers
The Haymarket Affair caused
Major tariff reductions
Anti-trust laws to expand
Trust in labor leaders to increase
Public fear of unions and anarchists
Most “New Immigrants” came from
Africa and Asia
South America and Australia
Northern Europe and Scandinavia
Southern and Eastern Europe
A common push factor for immigrants was
Access to Western land
Persecution and poverty in home countries
A growing U.S. middle class
American public schools
Tenements were known for being
Well-regulated by health codes
Large family estates
Crowded and unsanitary urban buildings
Located on the outskirts of towns
Political machines gained support by
Attacking labor unions
Supporting Prohibition laws
Enforcing literacy tests
Providing jobs and services to immigrants
