which condition is associated with an abnormally small head, 2-3 standard deviations below normal?
microcephaly
what is a known cause of microcephaly
zika virus
which condition is associated with an abnormally large head, 2-3 standard deviations above normal
macrocephaly
which condition is associated with Pierre-Robin Syndrome?
micrognathia
which condition is associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
macroglossia
what is a soft tissue structure extending from the front of the face called
proboscis
what is a proboscis associated with
holoprosencephaly
what is a collection of lymphatic fluid typically located at the back of the neck due to obstruction of lymphatic channels
cystic hygroma
what is a cystic hygroma associated with
Turner's Syndrome
how is anencephaly different from acrania
anencephaly is the absence of the skull AND brain tissue (brain stem still present) whereas acrania is the absence of the skull WITH presence of brain tissue
what is more common: anencephaly or acrania?
anencephaly is the most common neural tube defect whereas acrania is very rare
which condition is associated with frog-like bulging eyes
anenecephaly
which condition involves a large 4th ventricle cyst seen in the posterior fossa replacing the cerebellum due to agenesis of the vermis, increases the cisterna magna measurement, and results in hydrocephalus of 3rd & lateral ventricles
Dandy Walker Malformation
what is downward displacement of the 4th ventricle into the cervical canal resulting in an obliterated/small cisterna magna measurement and banana shaped cerebellum
Arnold Chiari Malformation
what is Arnold Chiari associated with
spina bifida
what is associated with the absence or abnormally shaped CSP
agenesis of corpus collosum
