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Relative Clauses
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Madrid is a great place. Madrid is north of Seville.
Madrid, which is north of Seville, is a great place.
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Fred ate the sandwich. I had made the sandwich for myself.
Fred ate the sandwich which/that I had made for myself.
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Nelson Mandela was an incredible person. He was a great leader.
Nelson Mandela, who was a great leader, was an incredible person.
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John is living in Thailand now. John got divorced last year.
John, who got divorced last year, is living in Thailand now.
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CAN'T use ¨that¨ as a relative pronoun
Defining Relative Clauses
Non Defining Relative Clauses
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Gives us EXTRA information about what we are talking about
Defining Relative Clauses
Non Defining Relative Clauses
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His friend lives in Scotland. His friend is a lawyer. (He has many friends in Scotland)
His friend who/that is a lawyer lives in Scotland.
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Napoleon Bonaparte died in 1821. Napoleon was French.
Napoleon Bonaparte, who was French, died in 1821.
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Tells us EXACTLY what we are talking about
Non Defining Relative Clauses
Defining Relative Clauses
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Can sometimes omit ¨who¨ or ¨which¨
Defining Relative Clauses
Non Defining Relative Clauses
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I broke the plate. The plate was a wedding present.
I broke the plate which/that was a wedding present.
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The police arrested the man. I saw the man steal a wallet.
The police arrested the man who/that I saw steal a wallet.
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My grandma is so lovely. She turns 102 today.
My grandma, who turns 102 today, is so lovely.
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This is the town. I was born there.
This is the town where I was born.
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She fired the chef. The chef was very unkind.
She fired the chef who/that was very unkind.
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Gives us NECESSARY information to help us understand what we are talking about
Defining Relative Clauses
Non Defining Relative Clauses
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The White House is in Washington DC. The president lives in the White House.
The White House, where the president lives, is in Washington DC.
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Kevin is coming to the party. Kevin is a party animal.
Kevin, who is a party animal, is coming to the party.
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The man is handsome. I met him yesterday.
The man who/that I met yesterday is handsome.
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Chichen Itza is amazing. Chichen Itza is one of the 7 wonders of the world.
Chichen Itza, which is one of the 7 wonders of the world, is amazing.
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The Caribbean is very beautiful. The Caribbean has amazing beaches.
The Caribbean, which has amazing beaches, is very beautiful.
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Can use ¨that¨ instead of ¨who¨ or ¨which¨
Defining Relative Clauses
Non Defining Relative Clauses
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They found the money. I had dropped the money.
They found the money which/that I had dropped.
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Need to separate the relative clause with commas
Non Defining Relative Clauses
Defining Relative Clauses
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