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Study
The Atmosphere
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What portion of the Earth's magnetic field stretches away from the sun?
magnetotail
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Cool, gentle wind blowing in from the water to the land?
sea breeze
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Any solar energy that reaches the earth's surface is called?
insolation
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What causes the Intertropical Convergence Zone?
low pressure
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What global wind is located in the mid-latitudes?
prevailing westerlies
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What temperature layer is at the bottom of the heterosphere?
thermosphere
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What heats up faster, land or water?
Land
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What causes the plasma in the ionosphere?
cosmic rays
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Warm, dry air that travels down a mountain slope is called?
foehn
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Water vapor and ___________ keeps the Earth's climate stable.
carbon dioxide
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How does air normally move in the atmosphere?
high pressure to low pressure
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The temperature of a gas rises as the gas is compressed with no heat lost is called what?
adiabatic heating
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What effect causes wet and dry seasons through a seasonal change in wind direction?
monsoon effect
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What unit is used to measure the amount of energy something gains, loses, or uses?
watt
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Which convection cell is considered high pressure?
polar cells
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Which convection cell is located at the equator?
Hadley cells
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What transfers heat in the process of radiation?
electromagnetic waves
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Wind that occurs when a large amount of dense, cold air spills over a mountain range is called?
fall wind
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What name is given to the upper atmosphere because of its distinct layers?
heterosphere
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What is the most important and abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere?
water vapor
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What global winds occurs at the highest altitudes?
polar easterlies
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What is the normal value of atmospheric pressure at sea level?
1013 millibars
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What causes convection currents?
uneven heating
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Which global winds were named because they consistently allowed ships to make passage across the ocean?
trade winds
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The upper-troposphere waves associated with the polar front jet stream are called?
Rossby waves
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The area where the solar wind interacts with Earth's magnetic field is the?
magnetosphere
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High-altitude winds that are concentrated in narrow, meandering bands are called?
jet streams
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Auroras that occur in the southern hemisphere are called aurora?
australis
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A horizontal movement of air caused by a transfer of heat is called
wind
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Regions of high pressure and gentle winds at about 30* north are called?
horse latitudes
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