Demographic Transition Model (Demographic momentum: population continues to grow even after fertility rate decreases)
Multiple-Nuclei Model (Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman)
Changing growth pattern is based on assumption that growth occurs independently around several major nodes (many are far away from the CBD)
Sector Model (Hoyt)
NA urban growth patterns. Similar land uses / socioeconomic groups cluster in linear sectors moving outward from a CBD (on transport corridors)
Locational Interdependence
Hotelling's theory (location choices are influenced by location of chief competitors / related industries
Population Pyramid
Answers will vary
Bid-Rent Curve
Variations in rent people are willing to pay for land at different distances from a peak point of accessibility / visibility to the CBD. More distance=less cost
Urban Realms Model (James Vance)
Explain / predict changing urban growth as cars became more prevalent and large urban "realms" developed (tied to mini-CBDs independent of CBD)
Ravenstein's Law of Migration
Bad things push people out / good things pull people in. Econ (chief reason for migration). Most go short distance. Farther go to cities.Rural move over urban
Explain the gravity model.
Further away, the weaker the pull (migration). Further away, less likely to interact.
What model deals with disease vulnerability shifts in the DTM?
Epidemiological Transition Model (pestilence and famine, disease caused by overcrowding, diseases associated with longer life (cancer)
What type of map projection is this?
Azimuthal
Concentric Zone Urban Land Use Model (Burgess Model)
Explain / predict growth patterns of NA urban areas.As city grows, new rings are added and old ones change (CBD and peak land value)
Space-Time Compression
The more we develop transportation / technology, the less time it takes to travel (both physically and information)
Alfred Weber's Least Cost Theory
Predicts where industries will locate (cost analysis of transport., labor, other factors). Minimize cost and maximize profits
Griffin-Form Model (Latin American City Model)
Imprints of colonization / globalization on LA cities. Residential quality decreases away from CBD. Wealthy, squatter, transitional zone
What is this?
Borchert's Model of Urban Evolution
Thomas Malthus (explain his theory)
Population would exceed carrying capacity (birth control, disease, war, famine). Did not take into account improved technology / farming methods / healthcare
What type of map projection is this?
Mercator Projection
Explain Zelinsky Model of Migration Transition.
Migration follows DTM stages. More mobile with industrialization. International migration in stage 2 (moving to 3-4). Stage 4 has intraregional, less emigration
Rostow's States of Economic Development
All develop in 5 stages. Investment allows nation to grow, which sparks economic gain that diffuses the nation. Based on NA / WEU (drawbacks for world)
Central Place Theory (Christaller)
Explains /predicts patterns of urban places. Hexagonal patterns (cities, villages, towns, and hamlets)
What type of growth is present in the four stages (potentially 5) of the DTM