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Geographic Models

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  • Explain the Von Thunen model.
    Answers will vary.
  • What model deals with disease vulnerability shifts in the DTM?
    Epidemiological Transition Model (pestilence and famine, disease caused by overcrowding, diseases associated with longer life (cancer)
  • Space-Time Compression
    The more we develop transportation / technology, the less time it takes to travel (both physically and information)
  • Explain Zelinsky Model of Migration Transition.
    Migration follows DTM stages. More mobile with industrialization. International migration in stage 2 (moving to 3-4). Stage 4 has intraregional, less emigration
  • What type of map projection is this?
    Robinson
  • Multiple-Nuclei Model (Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman)
    Changing growth pattern is based on assumption that growth occurs independently around several major nodes (many are far away from the CBD)
  • Urban Realms Model (James Vance)
    Explain / predict changing urban growth as cars became more prevalent and large urban "realms" developed (tied to mini-CBDs independent of CBD)
  • Central Place Theory (Christaller)
    Explains /predicts patterns of urban places. Hexagonal patterns (cities, villages, towns, and hamlets)
  • What type of map projection is this?
    Mercator Projection
  • Concentric Zone Urban Land Use Model (Burgess Model)
    Explain / predict growth patterns of NA urban areas.As city grows, new rings are added and old ones change (CBD and peak land value)
  • Thomas Malthus (explain his theory)
    Population would exceed carrying capacity (birth control, disease, war, famine). Did not take into account improved technology / farming methods / healthcare
  • What type of map projection is this?
    Azimuthal
  • What is this?
    Borchert's Model of Urban Evolution
  • What type of growth is present in the four stages (potentially 5) of the DTM
    1: Low Growth, 2: High Growth, 3: Moderate Growth, 4: Low Growth, 5: Declining
  • Griffin-Form Model (Latin American City Model)
    Imprints of colonization / globalization on LA cities. Residential quality decreases away from CBD. Wealthy, squatter, transitional zone
  • Rostow's States of Economic Development
    All develop in 5 stages. Investment allows nation to grow, which sparks economic gain that diffuses the nation. Based on NA / WEU (drawbacks for world)
  • Ravenstein's Law of Migration
    Bad things push people out / good things pull people in. Econ (chief reason for migration). Most go short distance. Farther go to cities.Rural move over urban
  • Explain the gravity model.
    Further away, the weaker the pull (migration). Further away, less likely to interact.
  • Sector Model (Hoyt)
    NA urban growth patterns. Similar land uses / socioeconomic groups cluster in linear sectors moving outward from a CBD (on transport corridors)
  • Bid-Rent Curve
    Variations in rent people are willing to pay for land at different distances from a peak point of accessibility / visibility to the CBD. More distance=less cost
  • Locational Interdependence
    Hotelling's theory (location choices are influenced by location of chief competitors / related industries
  • Population Pyramid
    Answers will vary
  • What model is this and explain it.
    Demographic Transition Model (Demographic momentum: population continues to grow even after fertility rate decreases)
  • Alfred Weber's Least Cost Theory
    Predicts where industries will locate (cost analysis of transport., labor, other factors). Minimize cost and maximize profits
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