The chaparral biome is characterized by what?
Sparse evergreen shrubs; cold, dry winters; and mild, wet
Dense evergreen shrubs mild, wet winters; and hot dry summer
Large perennial plants that can only grow in the dry summer
Dense, rich soil and a very long growing season
When a bee gathers nectar from a certain type of flower to make honey and in the process pollinates the flower, what kind of relationship exists between the bee and the flower?
Parasitic
Mutualistic
Amensalistic
Serendipitous
What type of mimicry occurs when a harmless animal mimics a dangerous or unpalatable animal?
Mullerian mimicry
Batesian mimicry
Coloration mimicry
Chemical mimicry
Which type of factors has the biggest impact on an organism's life history?
Factors unique to the organism's survival and fitness
Physiological factors
Factors related to the predators of that species
Environmental factors
Which of the following is an indirect indicator that biologists can use to estimate a population's density?
All of the answers are correct.
Counting the number of nests in an area
The number of previously tagged animals they trap
Counting the number of organisms in an area
What is an ecosystem?
Production of a large number of small offspring, each of which receives little parental investment.
According to this graph, at which elevation is the population density of Species A the highest?
5,000 ft
4,000 ft
3,000 ft
6,000 ft
Intraspecific competition usually gives rise to which of the following dispersion patterns?
Uniform
Clumped
Random
Either uniform or clumped
Which of the following events is likely to precede primary succession?
A wildfire
A tsunami
Deforestation
A volcanic eruption that creates a new island
The prickly pear cactus is a producer. Which of the following organisms is a primary consumer of a prickly pear cactus?
Harris's Antelope Squirrel
Vulture
Red-tailed Hawk
Rattlesnake
What is coevolution?
Coevolution occurs when the fitness of two different species is tightly linked and these two species evolve in response to evolutionary changes in each other.
What usually happens in a natural population as it approaches its carrying capacity?
The population will migrate to an area with more resources.
Niche differentiation.
The growth rate of the population slows down.
The population drops dramatically.
The lowest, most basic level at which ecology is studied is:
the organismal level
the cellular level
the biosphere
the population level
What is a niche?
The area where a predator hunts.
A role thats played by a particular species in an ecosystem
A area thats suitable for a particular organism to live in
The type of prey that a predator hunts.
What is a population?
The individual organisms belonging to the same species.
All of the individual organisms of all the different species
All of the communities within a geographical area.
All of the ecosystems on the planet combined.
What is a modern human intervention in the phosphorus cycle?
Mining phosphate for use as a fertilizer
Capturing atmospheric phosphate for use as a fertilizer
Planting crops that release a lot of phosphate
Replacing phosphate with magnesium
Within the biogeochemical cycle, where do consumers get most of their elements from, not including oxygen and hydrogen?
The pool of unavailable organic compounds
Other organisms
The soil
The air in the atmosphere
What is niche differentiation?
When more than one species with almost the same fundamental niche adapt to become specialists in different aspects of the fundamental niche.
Which of the following is not a component of the phosphorus cycle?
Phosphate bound to soil
Phosphate is absorbed from the soil by plants
Atmospheric phosphate
Phosphate is incorporated into sedimentary rocks
A chaparral plant that is usually only seen in the first couple of years after a fire is also called what?
Ash vegetation
A smoke germinator
A fire germinator
A fire-follower
Which term is used to describe how plants spread their seeds?
Migration
Colonization
Dispersal
Biogeography
Which of the following is a density-independent factor that does not become more limiting as the population increases?
Available habitat
Reproductive rate
Water
Flash flood from a thunderstorm
Which of the following is true about amensalism?
Amensalism can happen when a bigger, more established organism out competes a smaller organism for resources.
How many trophic levels does an omnivore feed on within an ecosystem?
None, because the various trophic levels do not apply
Omnivores feed at all trophic levels.
2
3
Which specific field of science gave rise to the theoretical idea of island biogeography and its counterpart, island biodiversity?
Ecology
Zoology
Paleontology
Biology
In a typical ecosystem, what percentage of the energy produced by the autotrophs then consumed by the primary consumers will be passed along to the secondary consumers?
0.7%
7%
10%
1%
What does the term colonization mean in terms of organisms?
When a species starts to populate a habitat where the species was not already present
If a mosquito feeds on a bird that is infected with the West Nile Virus and then feeds on a human being who then contracts the virus, what role is the mosquito playing in the infection of the person?
The symbiont
The vector
The host
The parasite