The sequence of growth and division of a cell makes up ____________.
Interphase
The Cell Cycle
Mitosis
The phase of mitosis in which chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell is known as ____________.
metaphase
The uncontrolled division of cells is known as _______________________.
mitosis
cytokinesis
cancer
The division of the nucleus or genetic material is known as __________________.
the cell cycle
mitosis
cytokinesis
Zygotes are considered to be ____________________.
pluripotent
totipotent
multipotent
Cell growth occurs during ______________.
mitosis
interphase
Describe interphase and the main events that take place during each of the 3 stages of interphase.
Interphase = preparing to divide. G1; organelles copied, cell grows. S - DNA copied. G2; final check over/growth
Explain why it’s necessary for a cell’s chromosomes to be distributed to its daughter cells in such a precise manner.
to ensure the correct amount of DNA gets distributed to the daughter cells; otherwise the cell could have a mutation and/or not be a viable cell and die.
chromosomes are duplicated
interphase
mitosis
Cytoplasm divides immediately AFTER this period
mitosis
interphase
Describe the main difference between telophase in plant cells and in animal cells.
In plant cells, the cell plate forms; in animal cells, a cleavage furrow forms.
Sister chromatids are held together by a structures called _______________________.
centromeres
spindle fibers
centrosomes
Define cancer and describe what can cause cancer, in relation to the cell cycle.
Cancer is uncontrolled cell growth/division. Something goes wrong during interphase where the cell divides uncontrollably.
State two of the three factors that influence cell size and explain how both influence cell size.
DNA - if cells too large, too hard to keep up with protein demands. SA/V - too big for cell to transport materials fast enough. Diff. -effective over short dist
DNA synthesis occurs
mitosis
interphase
Spindle Fibers are made from _________________.
centrioles/centrosomes
______________________ undergo cell differentiation.
all organisms
unicellular organisms
multicellular organisms
Nuclear division occurs
mitosis
interphase
The phase of mitosis in which the sister chromatids separate from each other is called ______________________.
anaphase
Explain how chromosomes, sister chromatids, and chromatin are related.
Chromosomes are made up of two sister chromatids, and the sister chromatids are made up of chromatin.
mitochondria/other organelles are copied
mitosis
interphase
Name the phase of mitosis shown in the picture.
anaphase
True or False: Interphase is a part of mitosis
False; it's a part of the cell cycle.
Chromosomes duplicate during ___________________ of interphase.
G1 phase
G2 phase
S phase
Name the phase of mitosis shown in the picture.
prophase
Name the phase of mitosis shown in the picture.
metaphase
Define cell division. What is the overall result of cell division?
Cell division is the process by which two daughter cells are formed from one original cell. The result is two genetically identical cells.
Chromosomes are distributed equally to daughter cells
mitosis
interphase
Compare and contrast mitosis and cytokinesis.
both: forms of division. Mitosis = division of nucleus/DNA. Cytokinesis = division of cytoplasm/organelles.
Name the phase of mitosis shown in the picture.
telophase
The instance where stem cells are limited to becoming anything they want and are restricted to forming cells in the tissues where they are at is known as being __________.
multipotent
totipotent
pluripotent