Normal value Potassium and best food sources
3.5-5 banana avacoado tomato oranges
Explain neutropenia and neutropenic precautions
WBC less then 1,000; neutrophil < 500. Hand hygiene, no fresh fruits or plants in room keep sick people away
Explain Diabetes- type 2. symptoms. Medication? Onset? Complication?
Adult onset, Need to have a healthy lifestyle- decrease carbs and calories. Oral meds (metformin) but may need insulin. Exercise and Diet!
Explain Respiratory acidosis- causes- manifestations levels
Anesthesia overdose COPD. hypoventilation shallow breathing SOB drowsy. low pH and High pCO2
What is a normal Urine specific gravity?
1.003-1.030 (high urine output: low specific gravity, Low urine output= high specific gravity
Hypoglycemia- tell me about it
less then 70. too much exercise, or insulin. slurred speech, cold, hypotensive. Rapid carbs- juice/ crackers. May need glucagon injection if not swollowing
Assistive devices and stairs- what to do? Up and down....
UP- good leg first; Down- bad leg first
Normal levels when evaluating ABG's
PH= 7.35-7.45; PACO2= 35-45; HCO3 = 22-26; PAO2
Normal Sodium?
135-145
Causes of acidosis
hypoventilation (drug overdose, pulmonary edema, trauma, COPD) or DKA, renal failure, diarrhea shock
Explain Respiratory alkalosis- causes- manifestations levels
anxiety fear PE; hyperventilation Numb and tingly, lethargy. pH high and pCO2 low
Explain Metabolic Alkalosis- causes- manifestations levels
Vomiting GI Suctioning diuretics; N/V/D tachy restless lethargic. pH high and HCO3 high
HHS teach me about this
Type 2 diabetics. glucose levels high > 600. Hot-flushed dry skin- dehydration. Drink fluids. IV fluids with regular insulin
Potassium- critical level? How to raise level? How to lower level? What do you worry about?
Normal is 3.5-5. Critical is over 6. NEVER PUSH potassium. Antidote if high= kayexalate. Cardiac rhythm.
Explain Metabolic acidosis- causes- manifestations levels
DKA, DIARRHEA... change in LOC, headaches twitching N/V/D. pH low and HCO3 low
Normal chloride level?
95-105
DKA- tell me about it
Type 1 diabetics, Following acute infection- high caloric intake or not enough exercise. Symptoms= dehydration, ketones, kussmaul breathing, acidosis- acetone b
Causes of alkalosis
Hyperventilation (hypoxia, fever, anxiety, high elevation) or loss of GI juices- suctioning, overuse of antacids , diuretics
Normal value Magnesium and best food sources
1.5-2.5 almonds spinach quinoa edamame cashews dark chocolate etc
Explain Diabetes- type 1. symptoms. Medication? Onset? Complication?
Kids- or adolescent onset. Polyuria/ polyphagia, polydipsia. Insulin dependent- Diet- and exercise. ketosis- DKA
Normal BUN level
10-20
Normal WBC
4-11
Treatment for DKA?
IV fluids Normal saline and REGULAR insulin
What are the rights of medication administration
medication- patient - dose - route - time - Documentation