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Macromolecules Review

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  • What is the tertiary structure of proteins?
    complete three-dimensional folding, may be functional unless subunits are needed
  • What type of biomolecule is this?
    nucleic acid
  • Which biomolecule is a short-term store of energy?
    carbohydrates
  • What type of biomolecule is this?
    lipid
  • What do enzymes do?
    speed up chemical reactions
  • What is part A called?
    active site
  • What is the primary structure of proteins?
    chain of amino acids linked by covalent bonds
  • What is this?
    unsaturated fatty acid
  • What is the function of nucleic acids?
    store, communicate, transmit genetic information
  • Describe part B.
    hydrophobic, hydrocarbon chain, fatty acid tail
  • What type of bond keeps atoms together within one molecule of water? (be specific)
    polar covalent
  • Describe the three parts of a phospholipid.
    phosphate head, glycerol backbone, two fatty acid tails
  • What is part B called?
    substrate / reactant
  • Describe the partial charges on hydrogen and oxygen in water.
    Oxygen = partial negative; Hydrogen = partial positive
  • What type of biomolecule is this?
    polypeptide / protein
  • Which biomolecule is a long-term store of energy?
    lipid
  • What type of biomolecule is this?
    carbohydrate
  • Amino acids are the monomer for which biomolecule?
    polypeptide / protein
  • Which biomolecule is always hydrophobic?
    lipid
  • What are polysaccharides like cellulose and chitin used for?
    cell walls (cell structure)