Respiration and the respiratory system (year 8) | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

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What is the role of red blood cells?

transport oxygen (and carbon dioxide) around the body

Why does smoking increase the risk of heart attack?

Reduces blood flow to the heart

Name three things our bodies require energy for

muscle contraction, growth, repair, cell devision

What part of your blood causes you to form clots which stops you bleeding?

platelets

What do white blood cells do?

Protect against pathogens (harmful things like bacteria and viruses)

Which organelle carries out respiration?

mitochondria

How is a red blood cell specialised or adapted for its function?

it doesn't have a nucleus so it has more room for haemoglobin!

What is the name of the big muscle under the lungs that controls breathing?

diaphragm

Which part of the respiratory system have smokers damaged to make them breathless?

alveoli

What happens to your heart rate as you exercise?

increases

Name three diseases caused by smoking

lung cancer, bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, heart disease

Name the four components of blood

plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

What is the chemical equation for aerobic respiration

glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water

How are alveoli adapted for their function?

They have a large surface area (size of a tennis court!) are very thin (one-cell thick), blood vessels very close = quick diffusion

What does plasma do?

transports dissolved substances such as carbon dioxide, hormones, minerals, glucose around the blood

What is diffusion?

movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration

A person breathes 40 times in 5 minutes. What is their breathing rate?

8 breathes per minute

What do alveoli do?

allow gas exchange to occur

What type of cell lines the trachea and sweeps out dust and bacteria trapped in mucus?

ciliated cells

What is the addictive substance in cigarettes called?

nicotine

What type of energy is stored in food?

chemical

Describe the pathway of air from the nose to the alveoli name at least three structures it passes through

nasal cavity --> trachea --> bronchi --> bronchioles

What is aerobic respiration?

a chemical reaction that uses oxygen to release energy

What is the name of the muscles in between the ribs that pull the lungs up and out when we inhale?

intercostal muscles