what is the difference between a cosmetic and a drug?
cosmetics are intended to affect the appearance of the skin and drugs are articles intended for use in the diagnoses, cure, or prevention of disease
Do functional ingredients affect the appearance of the skin?
NO!!
what are alpha hydroxy acids?
natural or synthetic acids to exfoliate the top layer of skin
what are liposomes in skincare?
sphere shaped vesicles consisting of one or more phospholipid bilayers that carries active ingredients to the deeper layers of the epidermis
what are emollients?
quality of softening or soothing the skin
what are emulsifiers?
keeps ingredients such as oil and water from separating in an emulsion
TRUE?FALSE~~some of the most effective cosmetic ingredients are NOT derived form natural resources
TRUE
what are botanicals purpose?
provides many benefits to support the health, texture, and integrity of the skin including healing, soothing and brightening
What does FPLA stand for?
fair packaging and labeling act
examples of brighteners
kojic acid, arbutin, white willow bark
examples of anti inflammatory ingredients
Ceramides are essential to a healthy, intact skin barrier. ... Niacinamide. Niacinamide, or vitamin B3
what are fatty alcohols
they act as emulsifiers(creamy) and emollients(soft) or used as surfactants(cleansing)
how do probiotics affect the skin topically?
probiotics applied topically could promote a positive bacterial balance in the skin – similar to how oral probiotics increase diversity of flora ...
example of a chemical sunscreen
Oxybenzone. Avobenzone. Octinoxate. Homosalate. Octisalate. Octocrylene.
Does the FDA approve cosmetics before they got on the market?
NO
TRUE/FALSE~~products that do NOT contain any water are called non anhydrous
FALSE~!! they are called anhydrous includes oil based serums. silicone serums....
what are ceramides?
long chain of fatty acids that link with other important molecules to promote cellular function and lock moisture in
how do vitamins affect the skin topically?
vitamins C and E play such important roles in protecting your skin from the sun, deficiencies in either vitamin can increase the risk of skin damage
what are the most common allergens?
fragrances, preservatives, chemical sunscreens
what are preservatives in skincare?
used to prevent growth of bacteria and mold in products
what are humectants?
water loving ingredients that draw moisture into the stratum corneum layer (top layer) of skin
what is an example of a physical sunscreen?
titanium dioxide/zinc
what are fatty acids
used as an emollient or emulsifier in skin care to enhance hydration
what are silicones used for in skincare?
skin smoothing emollient ingredient
TRUE/FALSE~~ Products stored in dark containers and in cooler temperatures will last longer
TRUE!!
what is a chelating agent?
ingredients that bind with metal ions and play a crucial role in the stability and efficacy of cosmetics
what are vehicles in a delivery system?
they carry active ingredients into the skin layers
what are antioxidants?
substances that help protect the skins surface from oxidative damage caused by free radicals and environmental aggressors
how do minerals affect the skin topically?
Topical treatment with zinc and selenium can protect the skin from UV radiation (UVR). Mineral oxides of zinc and titanium operate by blocking UV penetration
what does retinol do?
exfoliates increases skin cell turnover and stimulates collagen synthesis. its considered a gold standard for anti aging
If there are concerns the best way to guar against reactions is to?
pretest a small quantity of the product with a patch test
How do you handle an adverse reaction?
immediately remove the product
Non comedogenic means??
formulated product to not clog pores
what are examples of mechanical exfoliation?
skin brushing, sugar scrub, microdermabrasion
is hypoallergenic dermatologist tested?
yes
What does OTC stand for
over the counter drugs
Performance ingredients cause actual changes in the appearance of the skin TRUE?FALSE
TRUE
cosmetic ingredients can be derived from what natural sources?
plants, vitamins, or animals
what are detergents in skincare?
cleaning surfactants used in soaps, cleansers, shampoos
what are solvents?
a liquid ingredients used to dissolve or break down other ingredients
what are beta hydroxy acids?
a hydroxy acid that exfoliates and soothes ex: salicylic acid
three steps to successful retailing
1. provide product education 2. present precise instructions 3. practice professional follow up
what are fatty esters?
modified fatty substances used as emollients and conditioning agents
what are peptides in skincare?
Peptides are amino acids that are the building blocks of certain proteins needed by the skin, like collagen and elastin.
what is the FD&C stand for?
federal food, drug, and cosmetic act
what are enzymes in skincare?
Bromelain. : Found in pineapple juice as well as the pineapple stem. Actinidin. : Exists in kiwi, pineapple, mange, banana, and papaya. Papain: Found in papaya
How does the FD&C defines cosmetics as?
articles intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, sprayed on, introduced into, or applied to human body
what are polymers?
thickeners to provide better performance of products
what are polyglucans in skincare?
Polyglucans and beta-glucans - believed to strengthen immune cells. Polyglucans are hydrophilic and help preserve and protect collagen and elastin
what are some types of alpha hydroxy acids?
glycolic/lactic acid
what are ph adjusters
chemical ingredients maintain the stability of formulations and efficacy of the finished cosmetic or personal care product