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participle clauses

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  • (Spend) his childhood in Denmark, he could speak Danish perfectly well.
    Having spent his childhood in Denmark, he could speak Danish perfectly well.
  • Because I was very tired, I went to bed early.
    Being very tired, I wen to bed early.
  • As I didn't know what to say, I kept silent.
    Not knowing what to say, I kept silent.
  • The man who is yelling at Bill is his boss. Which of the following means the same as the sentence above? a) The man Bill is yelling at is his boss. b) The man yelling at Bill is his boss. c) The yelling man is his boss.
    The man yelling at Bill is his boss.
  • Waiting for the doctor,a) the alarm went off b) Dave read a magazine c) a big noise scared everybody
    Waiting for the doctor, Dave read a magazine.
  • a) Having won every major judo title b) Won every major judo title c) He having won every major judo title , Mark retired from international competition.
    Having won every major judo title, Mark retired from international competition.
  • As it was sunny, we went on a picnic.
    It being sunny, we went on a pinic.
  • Though I live near his house, I seldom see him.
    Living near his house, I seldom see him.
  • Since he had never been there before, he was stunned. →
    Not having been there before, he was stunned.
  • a) Having persuaded b) Persuaded c) Persuading y their optimism, he decided to have a go at running his own business.
    Persuaded by their optimism, he decided to have a go at running his own business.
  • As I had been to England before, I knew where to find a good hotel.→
    Having been to England before, I knew where to find a good hotel.
  • (pack) her things, she thought about the last two years.
    Packing her things, she thought about the last two years.
  • As I did not receive an answer, I wrote again.
    Not recieving an answer, I wrote again.
  • If the weather permits, we will go surfing.
    Weather permitting, we will go surfing.
  • As I have never seen her before, I didn't recognize her.
    Never having seen her before, I didn't recognize her.
  • (read) the instructions twice, I still couldn’t understand how to use it. IN SPITE OF
    In spite of having read the instructions twice, I still couldn’t understand how to use it.
  • When she saw me, she smiled.
    Seeing me, she smiled.
  • As I have finished my homework, I watched TV.
    Having finished my homework, I watched TV.
  • Being a ex-convict, a) they didn't give him the job b) the manager decided not to interview him c) he had no hope of finding a job
    Being a ex-convict,he had no hope of finding a job
  • Because he didn't study hard enough for his exam, Ryan couldn't pass it.→
    Not having studied hard enough for his exam, Ryan couldn't pass it.
  • If you turn to the left, you will find the building.
    Turning to the left, you will find the building.
  • "Kicking with all his strenght, the ball went straight into the goal." Why is this sentence confusing?
    The subject of participle and main clause must be the same, if not it should be stated. e.g. The weather being perfect, we decided to go swimming.
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