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1st Six Weeks Environmental Science Review

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  • a description of how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity measured
    accuracy
  • Of the following would a SECONDARY CONSUMER consider a worthy meal: algae, beetle, rabbit, dandelion?
    rabbit
  • a measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another
    precision
  • Two groups of students were tested to compare their speed working math problems. Each group was given the same problems. One group used calculators and the other group computed without calculators.
    IV: use of calculator; DV: speed of completion
  • microscopic, free-floating, autotrophic organisms that function as producers in aquatic ecosystems
    phytoplankton
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    70
  • The PHOTIC ZONE of the ocean will contain
    sunlight and producers
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    D; viruses are living
  • the standard by which the test results can be compared
    experiment
    independent variable
    dependent variable
    control
  • Which of the following correctly describes a FOOD CHAIN?
    a single sequence of energy interactions within an ecosystem
    all of the possible energy interactions within an ecosystem
    amount of energy passed from trophic level to trophic level
    amount of energy lost as heat in an ecosystem
  • When determining if a cell is eukaryotic, which of the following should you ALWAYS look for first?
    a nucleus
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    C; carbon stored is released, increasing CO2
  • all the waters on the earth's surface, such as lakes and seas
    hydrosphere
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    More energy is available in the 1st due to lack of movement
    More energy is available in the 4th due to more muscle mass
    Less energy is available in the 4th due to heat loss
    Less energy is available in the 1st due to lack of ingestion
  • Based upon the suffix, which of the following would NOT be an enzyme?
    dehydrogenase
    maltase
    lactase
    lactose
  • A scientist was studying a population of fish in a pond over a period of 10 years. He observed that the population increased each year for 3 years, and then remained nearly constant for the rest of the study. The best explanation for this
    the fish had run out of food and all died
    is the fish had reached carrying capacity
    the fish had stopped reproducing
    the fish had mutated into a different species
  • organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer
    heterotroph (carnivore; herbivore; omnivore; detritivore)
  • the first producers of energy-rich compounds that are later used by other organisms
    primary producer
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    1000
  • Mr. B set up an experiment to see how the mass of a ball affects the distance it rolls off a ramp. What is the dependent variable?
    Distance traveled by the ball
    Mass of the ball
    Height of the ramp
  • consumer that feeds directly on producers
    primary consumer
  • a protein coat surrounding a virus
    capsid
  • Look at the image and answer the question.
    logistic
  • Which of the following would NOT be included in the Earth's ATMOSPHERE?
    carbon dioxide
    nitrogen gas
    water vapor
    soil
  • Which of the following would NOT be a component part of a virus?
    a capsid
    a nucleus
    DNA or RNA
    proteins
  • not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts
    subjective
    injective
    rejective
    objective
  • a membrane-like layer on some viruses
    envelope
  • Which of the following would INCREASE the carrying capacity of an ecosystem?
    disease
    increase in predators
    drought
    increase in available food
  • the scientific study of life
    biology
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    A bacteriophage has a highly complicated DNA genome.
    A bacteriophage lacks the RNA necessary for reproduction.
    A bacteriophage is a complex, unicellular organism.
    A bacteriophage lacks major cell organelles.
  • The height of bean plants depends on the amount of water they receive. What is the independent variable?
    Salt or fresh water
    Height of plants
    Amount of water
    Condition of soil
  • Which of the following is accurate but NOT precise? (Real measurement: 2.01 cm.)
    1.95 cm.; 1.97 cm.; 1.94 cm.; 1.95 cm.; 1.96 cm.
    1.87 cm.; 3.2 cm.; 2.5 cm.; 1.92 cm.; 4 cm.
    2.01 cm.; 2.0 cm.; 2.5 cm; 3.0 cm; 1.95 cm.
    2.01 cm.; 2.00 cm.; 2.02 cm.; 2.00 cm.; 2.01 cm.
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    C; it lacks organelles
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    A; 1 kcal of energy from catfish
  • a carnivore at the topmost level in a food chain that feeds on other carnivores; an animal that feeds only on secondary consumers
    tertiary consumer
  • a tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell using energy and resources provided by the host
    virus
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    D; 10 kJ
  • Which of the following is precise but NOT accurate? (Real measurement: 2.01 cm.)
    1.95 cm.; 1.97 cm.; 1.94 cm.; 1.95 cm.; 1.96 cm.
    2.01 cm.; 2.00 cm.; 2.02 cm.; 2.00 cm.; 2.01 cm.
    2.01 cm.; 2.0 cm.; 2.5 cm; 3.0 cm; 1.95 cm.
    1.87 cm.; 3.2 cm.; 2.5 cm.; 1.92 cm.; 4 cm.
  • A student wanted to test how the mass of a paper airplane affected the distance it would fly. Paper clips were added before each test flight. As each paper clip was added, the plane was tested to determine how far it would fly.
    IV: mass of plane; DV: distance plane flew
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    B; lions and eagles compete for food
  • Which of the following questions could NOT lead to an experiment?
    Does an electric motor turn faster if you increase voltage?
    Recreate the water cycle in a bag.
    Does heating water allow it to dissolve more sugar?
    How much water flows through a faucet at different openings?
  • One tank of gold fish is fed the normal amount of food once a day. A second tank is fed twice a day. A third tank is fed four times a day during a six week study. The fish’s weight is recorded daily. What is the control?
    Amount of food
    The weight of the fish at the end
    Size of the tank
  • process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
    asexual reproduction
  • a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding
    species
  • a unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
    prokaryote
  • Which of the following correctly shows a COMMUNITY?
    a wolf living in a national park
    two groups of feral cats inhabiting different alleyways in a
    a group of ducks and the aquatic plants they eat
    a group of deer living in a national park
  • Look at the image and answer the question.
    D
  • Describe the difference between accuracy and precision.
    accuracy is closest to the real measure; precision is consistent
  • two; double
    dipl(o)-
    uni-
    bio-
    tri-
  • Of the following would a PRIMARY CONSUMER consider a worthy meal: algae, beetle, rabbit, dandelion?
    algae and dandelion
  • dead or decaying organic matter
    humus or detritus
  • The librarians want to know which students are checking out what types of books. They are testing "Which type of book do 7th graders check out most often: fiction or nonfiction?" The genre of the book is
    the independent variable
    the dependent variable
    a constant variable
  • What type of growth is shown in graph B?
    exponential
  • Based upon the definition, which of the following is NOT an AUTOTROPH?
    a sunflower
    a photosynthetic bacterium
    a human
    a maple tree
  • A variable should _____ change from trial to trial
    always
  • A lion and a cheetah attempt to occupy the same niche. The more aggressive lion survives; the cheetah does not.
    density dependent
  • Based upon the definition, which of the following would NOT be considered a HETEROTROPH?
    carnivore
    producer
    omnivore
    detritivore
  • Two arctic fox are fighting with a polar bear for a sea lion carcass. One fox distracts the bear while the other eats. What type of limiting factor is the polar bear?
    Predator-Prey Relationships
    Weather
    Herbivory Effect
    Competition
  • type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism
    sexual reproduction
  • Which of the following correctly shows a POPULATION?
    a group of deer living in a national park
    two groups of feral cats inhabiting different alleyways in a
    a group of ducks and the aquatic plants they eat
    a wolf living in a national park
  • not; without; lacking
    de-
    anti-
    a-; an-
    ana-
  • Which of the following is neither accurate NOR precise? (Real measurement: 2.01 cm.)
    2.01 cm.; 2.0 cm.; 2.5 cm; 3.0 cm; 1.95 cm.
    2.01 cm.; 2.00 cm.; 2.02 cm.; 2.00 cm.; 2.01 cm.
    1.87 cm.; 3.2 cm.; 2.5 cm.; 1.92 cm.; 4 cm.
    1.95 cm.; 1.97 cm.; 1.94 cm.; 1.95 cm.; 1.96 cm.
  • When researching, which of the following would be the most REPUTABLE source?
    a .net webpage
    a newspaper or magazine article
    a peer-reviewed journal
    a Wikipedia page
  • self
    hetero-
    bio-
    auto-
    a-; an-
  • a type of climate found in areas that are farther from the equator than the tropics, where there are changing seasons and mild weather that is neither too hot or too cold
    temperate
  • A duck population normally begin migrating south right after the last rain of the late summer season. Suddenly, they’re migrating much earlier. The climate has been changing far too often which is altering the effects of their magnetite
    Predator-Prey Relationships
    Weather
    Herbivory Effect
    Competition
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    water availability
  • Which factor that limits a population’s size is important especially when population numbers become large and dense?
    sea level height
    extreme weather
    competition for food
    seasonal changes
  • tiny algae and animals that float in water and are carried by waves and currents
    plankton
  • Look at the image and answer the question.
    carrying capacity
  • When a population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?
    It continues to grow higher and higher.
    The population will go extinct due to lack of resources.
    The population starts to die off and returns to the carrying
  • the deeper layer of ocean water that lacks sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis
    aphotic zone
  • When a specific population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?
    Density independent factors reduce population
    The population will go extinct due to lack of resources
    Density dependent factors reduce population
    The population grows then finds a new carrying capacity
  • A species of organism must be able to
    eat similar organisms
    hunt in a pack
    produce fertile offspring
    produce infertile offspring
  • The Earth's ATMOSPHERE is best defined as which of the following?
    The gases that surround Earth.
    The frozen water found on Earth's surface.
    The area on Earth in which life exists.
    The rocky area of Earth's surface.
  • Which of the following is NOT true of a CONSUMER?
    A consumer will break down detritus.
    A consumer will eat autotrophs.
    A consumer will create energy from the Sun.
    A consumer will eat heterotrophs.
  • Lemon trees receiving the most water produced the most lemons. What is the dependent variable?
    Type of citrus
    Amount of water
    Salt or fresh water
    Amount of lemons
  • portion of the marine biome that is shallow enough for sunlight to penetrate
    photic zone
  • the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life
    metabolism
  • A group of elephants gets stuck in mud at the edge of the river from a recent mud slide. A lion waits for an elephant to get tired before it attacks. What is the limiting factor to the elephant population?
    Competition
    Natural disaster
    Herbivory Effect
    Predator-Prey Relationships
  • Which of the following would be considered a bias?
    Those with curly hair tend to score higher grades in a class
    Coca-Cola is the best-selling soda in the United States.
    Summers are hotter than winters.
    Judges chose their favorite art from anonymous art pieces
  • The APHOTIC ZONE differs from the photic zone in that is lacks
    sunlight
  • network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem
    food web
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    V - producer; Z has .1% as much energy available to it as R
    Q - producer; X and Y are either secondary or tertiary
    P - autotroph; T has 10% as much energy available to it as X
    S - plant; W is an omnivore and Y is a carnivore
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    mushroom
    plant
    squirrel
    bacteria
  • Metabolic processes would NOT include
    building proteins from amino acids
    building large molecules for energy storage
    breaking down glucose to create energy
    the expression of genetic traits
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    B; must use host's cellular machinery
  • Which of the following would NOT be an example of sexual reproduction?
    a sponge budding
    egg + sperm = baby
    cross-pollination between two plants
    a zebra birthing offspring
  • Given the following list, which of the following would be considered abiotic: soil, water, trees, bacteria?
    soil and water
  • The reason that organisms cannot produce populations of unlimited size is that
    Species rarely compete with each other for food.
    Populations always stay exactly the same.
    The resources of Earth are limited.
    There is no carrying capacity for the whole Earth.
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    It will increase
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    C; the crow is a primary and tertiary consumer
  • A population of salamanders that live in a river require clear, fresh water to survive. New housing developments have caused tons of sediment to muddy the river. Which of these most likely will happen to the salamander population?
    The salamanders will quickly adapt to live in muddy water
    The salamanders will move across land to another river.
    The salamanders go live on land.
    Salamanders will decrease in number because of water quality
  • series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
    food chain
  • In a large Maine forest with many animals and lots of space, there are only a small number of bears. Which of these most likely limits the population of bears in the forest?
    cloud cover in the atmosphere
    space
    types of trees in the area
    supply of food
  • Mr. S set up an experiment to see how the mass of a ball affects the distance it rolls off a ramp. Identify the independent variable.
    Mass of the ball
    Distance traveled by the ball
    Height of the ramp
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    A; convert free nitrogen into usable substances
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    B; they are unable to reproduce independently
  • Four groups of rats are first massed and then fed identical diets except for the amount of vitamin A they receive. Each group gets a different amount. After 3 weeks on the diet, the rats’ masses are measured again to see if there has been a
    Food they received
    Type of vitamin
    Amount of Vitamin A
    Rats' masses
  • Students of different ages were given the same puzzle to assemble. The puzzle assembly time was measured. The independent and dependent variables are?
    IV: Age of the students DV: puzzle assembly time
  • An investigation found that more bushels of potatoes were produced when the soil was fertilized more. What is the dependent variable?
    Type of fertilizer
    Who fertilized the potatoes
    Where they were growing
    Bushels of potatoes produced
  • Which of the following is both accurate AND precise? (Real measurement: 2.01 cm.)
    2.01 cm.; 2.00 cm.; 2.02 cm.; 2.00 cm.; 2.01 cm.
    1.95 cm.; 1.97 cm.; 1.94 cm.; 1.95 cm.; 1.96 cm.
    2.01 cm.; 2.0 cm.; 2.5 cm; 3.0 cm; 1.95 cm.
    1.87 cm.; 3.2 cm.; 2.5 cm.; 1.92 cm.; 4 cm.
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    C; tertiary consumer
  • A control should _____ change from trial to trial
    never
  • The time it takes to run a kilometre in a sweet ParkRun depends on the person’s running speed. What is the dependent variable?
    Time to run a KM
    Type of race
    Location of ParkRun
    Person's running speed
  • The wolf goes extinct, and the deer population has no predator to worry about. They graze the land. Because there is no more food. Some of the deer begin to bite at each other, while others die of starvation. What is the limiting factor?
    Predator-Prey Relationships
    Overcrowding
    Herbivory Effect
    Competition
  • the experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied
    controlled variable
    dependent variable
    independent variable
  • an organism that eats primary consumers
    secondary consumer
  • A study was done to find if different tire treads affect the braking distance of a car. What is the independent variable?
    Car
    Tire tread
    Braking distance
  • Which of the following would not be considered a BIO-logical study?
    genetics - the study of DNA and traits
    zoology - the study of animals
    evolution- the study of changes in organisms
    inorganic chemistry- the study of chemicals
  • organisms that share the same nutritional relationships within an ecosystem
    trophic level
  • The fact that you do NOT leave your hand on a hot surface is a response to a _____
    stimulus
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    B; 50 kJ/m2/year
  • Ten breeding pairs of mink are introduced onto an island with no natural predators and a good supply of water and food. What will most likely happen to the mink population?
    It will increase until it exceeds carrying capacity.
    It will remain constant due to equal birth and death
    It will decrease and then increase forever.
    It will die out.
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer. What role do kangaroo rats have in the food web.
    Carnivores that transfer energy when eaten by omnivores.
    Omnivores that transfer energy when eaten by carnivores.
    Producers that transfer energy when eaten by herbivores.
    Herbivores that transfer energy when eaten by carnivores
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    B; carnivore
  • The rocky area of Earth's surface.
    geosphere
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    A; producers
  • 8. What will happen if all of the frogs in a population die?
    Frog's predators: decrease; frog's prey: increase
    Frog's predators: increase; frog's prey decrease
  • The APHOTIC ZONE differs from the photic zone in that is lacks
    sunlight
  • One species of Galapagos finches, the cactus finch, eats insects off cactus plants. A disease kills off most of the cacti in the Galapagos Islands. Which of these most likely would happen to the carrying capacity of the island?
    Decrease a lot because there is less to eat.
    Remain about the same since the finches would change diet
    Increase a small amount since the insect population decrease
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    C; energy is used and lost
  • Mice produce a large number of offspring all year long, yet the number of mice within a given population changes very little from year to year. The stability of the population size is most likely the result of
    mice continuing to reproduce when its population is large
    the survival of more female mice than male mice
    the development of mutations in young mice
    limiting factors that keep the population in check
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    sugar
    carbon
    hydrogen
    water
  • Students measured the temperature of the water at different depths in Lake Skywalker and found that the temperature varied. What is the independent variable?
    Temperature of the water
    Lake location
    Measuring device
    Depth of the measurement
  • Which of the following would be considered a TERTIARY CONSUMER?
    rabbit
    beetle
    hawk
    fox
  • consisting of many cells
    multicellular
  • Mr. Bayliss needs your help: He needs to find the constant variables for his experiment. He is trying to determine what shampoo leaves his beard the softest. Which variable would be controlled?
    He doesn't need any constant variables
    Softness of Mr. Bayliss' beard
    Amount of Shampoo
    Type of Shampoo
  • The area on Earth in which life exists.
    biosphere
  • any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms
    limiting factor
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    around 500
  • The higher the temperature of the air in the oven, the faster a cake will bake. What is the independent variable?
    Temperature of the oven
    Time to bake a cake
    Place in the oven
    Type of cake
  • In a forest ecosystem, which of the following is NOT an example of a limiting factor that would greatly affect a rabbit population?
    the population of hawks that eat rabbits
    grass available to eat
    a rainy season
    a disease that causes rabbits to die
  • A PRIMARY PRODUCER would be found where in a food chain/food web?
    near the middle, receiving energy from both autotrophs and h
    at the bottom, receiving energy directly from the Sun
    at the top, receiving energy from a heterotroph
    near the bottom, receiving energy from an autotroph
  • in an experiment, the group that is exposed to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable
    experimental group
  • an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide
    autotroph
  • an organism that obtains energy by consuming other organisms
    consumer
  • Excessive amounts of rain caused a flood in the southwest United States that resulted in substantial amounts of deaths in the rabbit population? This situation is an example of a density _____________ limiting factor.
    density independent
  • Mr. B set up an experiment to see how the mass of a ball affects the distance it rolls off a ramp. What is the controlled variable?
    Mass of the ball
    Distance traveled by the ball
    Height of the ramp
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    100%
    50%
    17%
    33%
  • Since lynx prey on hares, an increase in the hare population causes an increase in the lynx population.
    density dependent
  • Look at the image and choose the correct answer.
    C; energy availability
  • any living part of the environment with which an organism might interact
    biotic factor
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