In a solution, what is the name for the substance that DOES the dissolving?
Solvent
Nucleic Acids are important for life because they __________________________.
Store genetic information/hold instructions for making proteins
mixture of water with an non-dissolved material
suspension
Which of these examples is NOT made up of proteins?
hair
fingernails
enzymes
cellulose
Cerumen (earwax) is an example of a ___________.
lipid
In a solution, what is the name of the substance that is being dissolved?
solute
____________ are special ___________ that speed up or slow down reactions.
Triglycerides, lipids
Enzymes, lipids
Proteins, Triglycerides
Enzymes, proteins
A type of bond between atoms in which electrons are shared.
Ionic Bond
Covalent Bond
Metallic Bond
none of these
What happens to the electrons in a COVALENT bond?
electrons are shared
RNA is an example of a _______________.
Nucleic acid
Which of the following pairs is unrelated?
amino acid - protein
DNA - nucleic acid
glycogen - lipid
cellulose - carbohydrate
reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
substrate
Most enzymes end with this suffix.
-ase
DNA is an example of a ____________.
nucleic acid
______________ are weak acids or bases that help neutralize other acids or bases.
Buffers
Which of the following would NOT be an example of a monosaccharide?
glucose
sucrose
fructose
none of these
Olive Oil would be an example of what type of fat/lipid?
Unsaturated Fat
Antibodies are an example of ______________.
proteins
molecule composed of many monomers; makes up macromolecules
Polymer
Water sticking to its container would be an example of _____________.
heat capacity
cohesion
adhesion
heat of vaporization
A weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom is called a _______________.
Hydrogen Bond
A substance with a pH of 14 would be considered a(n) ____________________.
strong base
weak base
weak acid
strong acid
Which of the following carbohydrates is a polysaccharide?
glucose
sucrose
starch
fructose
A protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions is called a(n) __________________.
enzyme
Name the monomer of a carbohydrate.
Monosaccharide
Carbohydrates are made up of what three elements?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Sucrose is an example of a _________________.
Carbohydrate
elements or compounds produced in a chemical reaction
products
What are the two factors we discussed that influence enzyme activity?
temperature & pH
Lipase is an example of a _______________.
protein
What are the two parts of a solution?
Solute & Sovlent
___________ are formed by covalent bonds.
atoms
molecules
ions
isotopes
Tomato, lemon juice, & apple cider vinegar would all be examples of _________.
acids
Energy input that is needed for a reaction to begin is called _____________________.
activation energy
Olive Oil is an example of a ___________.
lipid
A(n) _______________ is a substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction.
polymer
catalyst
monosaccharide
amino acid
Name the monomer of a lipid.
triglyceride
Hemoglobin is an example of a _______________.
protein
Which of the following would be an example of a base?
All of these
Ammonia
Drain Cleaner
Shampoo
Water "sticking" to other water molecules would be an example of ______________________.
cohesion
capillary action
heat of vaporization
adhesion
Describe the significance of water having a high heat capacity and a high heat of vaporization for humans.
allows for our bodies to avoid drastic changes in temperature and allows our bodies to cool off when sweating; ultimately allows our bodies to maintain homeosta
Which of the following items is NOT a protein type?
transport proteins
antibodies
contractile proteins
none of these
With proteins, _____________ determines its function
none of these
shape
number of elements
both shape & number of elements
Name the monomer of a Nucleic Acid.
nucleotide
An acid releases what type of ion in solution?
Hydrogen (H+)
slight attraction that develops between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules.
Van der Waals forces
The Phospholipid Bilayer is an example of a _______________.
lipid
_____________ are the building blocks of proteins.
Amino Acids
A disaccharide is made up of ______________________.
Two monosaccharides
ATP is an example of a _________________.
nucleic acid
Glycogen is an example of a ____________.
carbohydrate
Which of the following doesn’t match up the proper monomer with its corresponding macromolecule?
carbohydrate - monosaccharide
nucleic acid - nucleotide
lipid - amino acid
none of these
Name the monomer of a protein.
amino acid
Chemical bond formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another
ionic bond
Which of the following is NOT an element that can be found in proteins?
none of these
carbon
oxygen
nitrogen
small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
monomer
Enzymes act by ____________ the amount of activation energy needed in a reaction.
Lowering
A base releases what type of ion in solution?
Hydroxide (OH-)
type of mixture in which all the components are evenly distributed
solution (homogeneous mixture)
If a substance has a pH of 6.5, this substance would be considered a(n) ________________.
acid
Glucose is an example of a ________________.
Carbohydrate
elements or compounds that participate in a chemical reaction
reactant
material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together; not chemically combined.
mixture
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