Why did many French citizens dislike Marie Antoinette?
She lived a lavish lifestyle and was out of touch with the peasantry who were starving.
How did the English Bill of Rights change the power of Parliament and the Monarchy?
Parliament gained power and control, while the monarchy lost power.
What main ideas did Montesquieu promote in his book, Spirit of the Laws?
A separation of powers in the government.
How did the American Revolution influence the French Revolution?
France gave up money, resources and military forces to help aid the United States. The U.S. gained democracy and freedom from the British.
The guillotine was considered to be a humane form of punishment in France. Why?
Because it was quick death and did not discriminate between social classes.
Who is represented in this photo?
The 3 Estates of France- The commoners, the nobility and the clergy.
What was unique about William and Mary's reign?
They were Co-Monarchs/Shared Equal Power
How did Cromwell rule England after Charles I was executed?
He ruled as a dictator, was a Puritan and banned Christmas
Who was Napoleon Bonaparte and what were his aspirations?
He became Emperor of France and aspired to conquer the world
What two names were given to those who supported Parliament during the English Civil War?
Roundheads and Parliamentaries
What document did William and Mary sign during their coronation?
The English Bill of Rights
What did Mary Wollstonecraft Advocate for?
Women’s right to education, and social equality
What was the issue with Charles I marrying Henrietta Maria?
She was a Catholic
Define Enlightment
To study and gain knowledge of the government. (Intellectual Movement)
Who cannot rule in England as a result of the Glorious Revolution?
Catholics cannot rule as monarchs, as the Glorious Revolution implemented the English Bill of Rights banning Catholic monarchs.
List at least two major influences of the French Revolution.
Famine, Unfair Taxation, Enlightenment, US Revolution, Religious Intolerance, Economic Stress
Who wrote the Two Treatises of government?
John Locke
Why did King Louis XIV call himself the Sun King?
Because he wanted France to know they could not live without him, just as we cannot live without the sun.
What ideas did Jean-Jacques Rousseau promote in his book, The Social Contract?
A direct democracy where all citizens have a voice. Citizens give up their rights for the commonwealth and to benefit society.
Charles II became king following the death of Oliver Cromwell. Why was this called the Restoration Period?
Because England Restored the King (Monarch) to the throne.
Who was Robespierre?
He was the leader of the Jacobin (radical) party, who came to power during the French Revolution. Robespierre started the infamous Reign of Terror.
Why did the English Civil War occur?
Charles I had too much power, and ruled with divine right. Furthermore it was a fight for religious freedom.
What period was Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart from?
The Classical Period
Why did Charles I dissolve Parliament?
Parliament did not give him what he wanted (which was funds)
How were King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette executed?
They were executed via the guillotine.
Was King James II a Protestant or a Catholic?
He was a Catholic, and normalized Catholicism in England
Why did Peter the Great implement social changes in Russia during his reign?
He wanted to Westernize/Europeanize Russia.
What was the voting system that was used for the 3 Estates prior to the French Revolution?
Each Estate received 1 vote. 1 vote for the clergy, 1 vote for the nobility and 1 vote for the peasantry.
What document did the National Assembly sign that guaranteed to protect the common man's liberty and rights?
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
How did Voltaire influence the early U.S. documents?
He advocated for a separation of church and state. Freedom of speech and religion.
Which French citizens made up the three social Estates, prior to the French Revolution?
Clergy, Nobility and the Peasantry
What book did Miguel de Cervantes write?
Don Quixote
Why was the Storming of the Bastille important?
The Revolutionaries obtained gunpowder, prisoners were freed, and the Bastille was a Royalist stronghold and symbol that the Revolutionaries hated.
How did John Locke influence the Founding Fathers?
He believed in natural rights: Life, Liberty and Property, which would be evident in the Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson
What period was Johann Sabastian Bach from?
The Baroque Period
Which French military leader would play a major role in both the French Revolution and American Revolution?
Marquis de Lafayette.
What form of government did Thomas Hobbs promote in his book, The Leviathan?
An Absolute Monarchy
Which Estate had to pay all the taxes prior to the French Revolution?
The 3rd Estate/Commoners/Peasantry
Why was Charles I tried and convicted for treason?
He was a tyrant with too much power, and did not listen to the people.
Name of this painting and the artist?
Liberty Leading the People by Eugene Delacroix
What two names were given to those who supported King Charles I during the English Civil War
Royalists and Cavaliers
What is the Divine Right to Rule?
Kings believed that they were given the power to rule by God. Heavenly rule.
What was the Reign of Terror?
The Reign of Terror was a period where fear and terror became official government policy. Anti-Revolutionaries were sent to the guillotine.
Were William and Mary Catholics or Protestants?
They were Protestants.
Who was the father of both James II and Charles II?
Charles I