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Earth Science Spring Final Study Guide

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  • Which type of eclipse is this?
    Lunar Eclipse
  • The energy from the sun is a similar process as what?
    Hydrogen Bomb
  • What else besides water does the ocean contain?
    Minerals and gases
  • Who challenged America to put a man on the moon before 1970?
    John F. Kennedy
  • Who was the first person to walk on the moon?
    Neil Armstrong
  • What are the main two elements found in the sun?
    Hydrogen and Helium
  • The jet stream is most affected by the difference in temperature between which areas of the world?
    Poles and equator (extreme cold and hot)
  • What is the most important piece of equipment for analyzing weather?
    Computer (collects/analyzes all the data)
  • What is one fascinating thing you’ve learned in Earth Science? (Must be specific)
    Answers vary, but must be thoughtful
  • How do oceans play an important role in weather (1-2 ways)?
    Evaporation--creating storms, moving water to places that need it. Provide fresh water to places (rain/storms) Answers will vary.
  • List three kinds of fog.
    Radiation, valley, advection, etc.
  • What is the area where most plants and animals live in the ocean called?
    Sunlit Zone
  • What was designed to protect astronauts in space?
    Space suit
  • What organism produces most of the oxygen in the ocean?
    Algae
  • Who was the first man in space?
    Yuri Gagarin
  • Define rip current.
    Strong current moving water from the shore to the open sea
  • What is the largest ocean on earth?
    Pacific Ocean
  • Near what do hurricanes form?
    Equator
  • What type of eclipse is this?
    Solar Eclipse
  • What rocket was used in the Apollo space program?
    Saturn V
  • Water vapor that condenses in the air forms what?
    Clouds
  • Define Maria (on the moon).
    Large, dark plains formed by basalt from ancient volcanic eruptions
  • Does a total solar eclipse cause the whole earth to become dark?
    No, just a couple hundred miles wide
  • Earth’s atmosphere is 78% what and 21% what?
    78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen
  • Explain how we get clues to what the climate was like in the past (2 ways)
    Answers will vary, but could include studying fossils, glacier cores, coral reefs, tree rings, etc.
  • Define Absolute Humidity.
    The amount of water vapor in the air
  • Define Relative Humidity
    How much water vapor is in the air compared to how much it could hold at that temperature (percentage)
  • Define Trench.
    Very deep valley in the ocean floor
  • Describe one positive and one negative effect of waves.
    Positive: harness energy, fun beach day:) Negative: Typhoons, erosion
  • Why is private space research important?
    Answers vary, but must be thoughtful
  • What is responsible for most of the winds we experience on earth?
    Sun
  • Does the same side of the moon always face the earth? Explain.
    Yes--because of the earth’s rotation/revolution compared to that of the moon
  • What can form when snow does not completely melt in summer?
    Glaciers
  • Define Climate.
    The average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time
  • When are tides lower? (location of sun/moon)
    When the sun and moon are at right angles compared to the earth.
  • Define submersible.
    Vehicle for deep-sea exploration
  • Define Precipitation.
    Water that falls from the atmosphere/sky
  • How does the moon shine?
    It reflects the light from the sun
  • When are tides higher? (location of sun/moon)
    When the sun and moon are on the same side of the earth
  • Describe one way waves can be used to make electricity.
    Buoy-like object that moves up and down harnessing energy. Temperature differences (evaporation, steam moving turbine). Barrages.
  • What are animals that can glow in the dark called?
    Bioluminescent
  • What wartime invention led to space exploration?
    Rockets
  • What are two methods for desalinating ocean water? (taking the salt out)
    -Naturally through evaporation -Man-made through heating water, collecting evaporation (minerals left behind)
  • What is the study of earth’s atmosphere called?
    Meteorology
  • What is a large collection of colonies of polyps?
    Coral Reef
  • Is it dangerous to look at the sun during a total eclipse?
    Yes
  • Do ocean ridges form where tectonic plates are moving away from each other or toward each other?
    Away from each other
  • How do animals act when a solar eclipse occurs?
    Like night is falling
  • List the planets in our solar system in order from closest to the sun outward.
    Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, (Pluto)
  • What is the cause of the aurora borealis?
    Solar flares
  • List two challenges unique to living and working in space.
    Zero gravity work environment, isolation (far from home), radiation
  • The Genesis Flood set up environmental conditions just right for what?
    Ice Age
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