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5.2 Life in Ancient Egypt

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  • How did the Nile affect the Egyptians' view of the afterlife?
    The Nile provided most of what the Egyptians needed, so they generally had a positive outlook on life which led to a positive view of the afterlife.
  • What religious beliefs did Egyptians hold? Name one.
    The belief in many gods. A happy afterlife.
  • How did learning advance in ancient Egypt?
    New ideas and techniques in astronomy, geometry, medicine, and writing developed.
  • How did work and social roles affect people in ancient Egypt?
    Work roles expanded and social roles limited Egyptians.
  • What is a "scribe"?
    A person whose job was to write and keep records.
  • What is a "mummy"?
    A body that has been dried so it won't decay.
  • What jobs did Egyptians hold?
    Laborer, farmer, scribe, artisan, trader, merchant, government official, priest, and pharoah.
  • What did Egyptians use that stood for different words or sounds?
    Hieroglyphs.
  • What did the Egyptians think happened after death?
    They believed they would be judged and then lead a life in another world.
  • What is a body that has been dried to prevent decay called?
    A mummy.
  • How were hieroglyphs used?
    They were used to keep records, and they were written on tomb walls to describe people there.
  • What is a "afterlife"?
    A life that takes place in another world after death.
  • What is a hieroglyph?
    A picture that stands for different word, letter, or sound.
  • What is "papyrus"?
    A paperlike material made from a reed of the same name.
  • Who was in charge of keeping records in ancient Egypt?
    A scribe.
  • What was the process called that was used to preserve bodies?
    Embalming.
  • This was a paperlike material that was used by ancient Egyptians to make scrolls for writing.
    Papyrus.
  • What does "embalm" mean?
    To preserve a body after death.
  • What did Egyptians believe in that reflected their favored position among the gods?
    An afterlife.
  • What advances in learning did the Egyptians make? Name one.
    They created a 365-day calendar, developed accurate surveying methods, used herbs for medicine, developed a writing system, and learned to make papyrus.
  • What duties did priests have?
    Priests followed formal rituals, took care of the temple, cleaned sacred statues, changed the clothing on statues, and fed the statues meals.
  • What were the levels of Egyptian society? Name one.
    Pharaoh, priests, scribes, merchants and craftspeople, farmers and laborers, and slaves.
  • Why were Egyptian discoveries in astronomy OR medicine important?
    Advances in astronomy led to the world's firs practical calendar. Advances in medicine led to some of the world's first surgery.
  • Why were some Egyptians able to become artisans?
    Food surpluses meant that not everyone had to be a farmer.