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ANS

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  • What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
    Sympathetic and parasympathetic.
  • Why does the sympathetic system increase breathing rate?
    To supply more oxygen for energy and muscle activity.
  • A patient shows slow heart rate, active digestion, and constricted pupils. Which system is dominant?
    Parasympathetic nervous system.
  • Which system is called “rest and digest”?
    Parasympathetic system.
  • Which neurotransmitter is mainly used in the sympathetic system?
    Norepinephrine.
  • What is the role of the autonomic nervous system in homeostasis?
    It maintains stable internal conditions automatically.
  • What would happen if the parasympathetic system is overactive?
    Low heart rate, increased digestion, possible weakness.
  • Which system is responsible for “fight or flight”?
    Sympathetic system.
  • What happens to digestion during sympathetic activation and why?
    It decreases because energy is redirected to muscles.
  • What happens to digestion during parasympathetic activation?
    It increases.
  • What happens to pupils during sympathetic activation?
    They dilate.
  • Where does the sympathetic nervous system originate?
    Thoracic and lumbar spinal cord.
  • Why is the autonomic nervous system called involuntary?
    Because it works without conscious control and regulates internal organs automatically.
  • What happens to heart rate in the parasympathetic system?
    It decreases.
  • A patient has increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and decreased digestion. Which system is activated?
    Sympathetic nervous system.
  • What happens to heart rate in the sympathetic system?
    It increases.
  • Where does the parasympathetic system originate?
    Brainstem and sacral region.
  • Why do sympathetic and parasympathetic systems have opposite effects?
    To maintain balance (homeostasis) in the body.
  • What type of functions does the autonomic nervous system control?
    Involuntary functions.
  • Which neurotransmitter is mainly used in the parasympathetic system?
    Acetylcholine.
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