The organisation was founded by an e______t who campaigns to protect nature.
environmentalist
The old neighbourhood looks very r___-d___ because many buildings have not been repaired for years.
run-down
Many people are drawn to cities because of the promise of improved living...QUALITIES / FACTORS / STANDARDS
LIVING STANDARDS
That area is extremely expensive and mostly inhabited by ______ families.
affected
affluent
awful
aggressive
The old factory will be ______ next month to make space for a shopping centre.
developed
accessed
demolished
conserved
The air in the city centre is terrible because of all the ______ from cars and buses.
exhaust fumes
Cars have been banned from the town centre, with the aim ___ improving both air quality and safety.
AIM OF
Families usually prefer to live in ______ areas rather than in office districts.
residential
Efforts to improve life for urban residents have resulted ___ some highly innovative schemes, such as rooftop gardens and pop-up green spaces.
RESULTED IN
My commute to work takes forever because I live on the o____s of the city.
The small café is __ __ __ of my apartment, so I don’t need a car.
within walking distance
Rather than simply denying it exists, the government should be looking for solutions ___ the problem.
SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM
In some megacities, people live in very d______ p_______ areas, with thousands of residents in one district.
densely populated
doubtfully prosperous
dangerously paranoid
deeply painful
GROWING / DEVELOPING / BUILDING countries.
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Training has taught them self-discipline and given them a new BELIEF / SENSATION / SENSE of purpose .
SENSE OF PURPOSE
In some developing countries, the allure of the city has proved too strong, with rural populations declining alarmingly ___ a result.
AS A RESULT
Urban REDESIGNING / RENOVATION / RETROFITTING involves finding creative ways to use spaces that already exist in the city, such as converting parking places into INSTANT / POP-UP / FLASH green spaces where residents can sit and relax.
URBAN RETROFITTING, POP-UP GREEN SPACES
Urban SPREAD / SPRAWL / EXPAND is a problem which affects cities around the globe.
URBAN SPRAWL
A community garden would help bring people closer FOR / TO / WITH / BY nature , and it’d give them access to fresh, healthy food.
CLOSER TO NATURE
At the moment there are just abandoned warehouses there, but if we knocked them OVER / OFF / DOWN / OUT , we could create a nice riverside area ...
KNOCKED THEM DOWN
The train station is located ___ the outskirts of the city.
under
at
in
on
Many young professionals are leaving ______ areas and moving to cities for work.
commercial
rural
developed
demolished
Every ______ in the building must pay a monthly maintenance fee.
fume
resident
commuter
tourist
I think it’s about time the council stepped DOWN / UP / TO / AWAY and provided the facilities we residents so desperately need.
STEPPED UP
The severe weather has put a lot of pressure ___ the city’s energy resources.
PRESSURE ON
Factories release harmful p______s into the air and water.
pollutants
One of the major drawbacks of living in isolated,LOW-LEVEL / LOW-NUMBER / LOW-DENSITY communities is that it makes people overly dependent on cars.
LOW-DENSITY COMMUNITIES
Many houses in the settlement were built using ______ like metal sheets and old wood.
scrap material
polluted substances
crap material
wind turbines
The priorities of city LIVERS / DWELLERS / CITIZENS
CITY DWELLERS
Within the next 50 years, over a third of the world’s population could be living in shanty SLUMS / TOWNS / CITIES, with no sanitation or access to clean water or electricity.
SHANTY TOWNS
The closure of the youth centre last year has led to an increase in vandalism and SMALL / PETTY / LITTLE / UNIMPORTANT crime .
PETTY CRIME
I feel very strongly that whatever changes are made should bring concrete benefits ____ the community.
BRING (concrete) BENEFITS TO
Due to the housing LACK / LIMITS / SHORTAGE, some politicians are calling for a ban on new housing developments in the green BELT / SPACE / ZONE
HOUSING SHORTAGE, GREEN BELT
The government is encouraging people to install ______ to produce clean electricity at home.
solar panels / wind turbines
These are all great ideas. However, I think we need to BARE / BEAR / BEER in mind that ...
BEAR IN MIND
A variety of economic and social, as well as historical, factors have contributed ___ the rapid growth of cities around the world.
CONTRIBUTED TO
The availability of cheaper housing often leads people ___ settle in the outskirts of cities.
LEADS (people) TO
Young people might not cause problems if they had something positive to channel their VIOLENCE / ENERGY / HATRED into, like football or boxing, for example.
CHANNEL THEIR ENERGY
You have to have a lot of money to live in this suburb. It's an ___ area.
unjustifiable
affluent
undeveloped
ugly
The lack of adequate facilities and services in shanty towns has had a seriously negative impact ___ residents’ quality of life.
IMPACT ON