For both the Camp Coventry and Holmblad how is the CR directed?
perpendicular to the lower leg
How many tarsal bones are found in the foot?
7
What is the main disadvantage of using 45 degrees of flexion for the mediolateral projection of the knee?
It puts the patella into the intercondylar sulcus
Where would the interphalangeal (IP) joint be found in the foot?
the first digit of the foot (the others are the DIP or PIP)
What is the technique for the Beclere Method?
70 kVp and 8 mAs
Which patella projection should place the patient in a prone position with a 50-60 degrees flexion of the knee with a cephalic 45 degree CR
Houston
Which bone in the foot has a prominant tuberosity most commonly fractured?
fifth metatarsal
How much CR anglulation to the long axis of the foot is required for the plantodorsal axial projection of the calcaneus?
40 degrees
What is the kVp for the sesamoid bones exam?
60 kVp-2 mAs
What is the name of the AP projection of the intercondylar fossa?
The Beclere Method
What is another name for the PA axial weight-bearing knee projection?
Rosenberg Method
What do you use dorsiflexion for?
an ankle and a sesamoid bone projection
A mediolateral radiograph of the knee that is over rotated towards the IR is recognized, how?
the fibular head will appear less superimposed by the tibia than a true lateral
In an AP weight-bearing bilateral knee projection where is the CR directed?
CR perpendicular to IR directed to midpoint between knee joints at a level 1/2 inch below the apex of the patella
The CR is perpendicular to the IR directed to what landmark on the sesamoid projection?
posterior aspect of the first MTP joint
Which knee projection requires the use of a special IR holding device?
Merchant
Which term describes the top or the anterior surface of the foot?
dorsal
Where is the CR directed to for the weight-bearing bilateral AP feet projection?
midpoint between the feet at the level of the base of the metatarsals
What is another term for the intercondylar sulcus?
patellar surface
What is the technique for the Rosenberg Method?
70 kVp and 5 mAs
Where is the CR directed in the Rosenberg ?
directly to midpoint between the knee joints at level 1/2 inch below apex of the patellae
The Intercondylar fossa can be imaged PA or AP, what are the names of the two PA versions?
Camp Coventry and Holmblad Method
A patient comes into the ED with a clinical history of a Lis-Frank injury. Which body part does that affect? Which projections would demonstrate this injury?
AP weight bearing foot series
The medial malleolus is part of what bone?
Tibia
Where should the CR be directed for the Beclere method?
1/2 inch distal to the apex of patella
How much is the foot dorsiflexed for the tangential projection of the sesamoid bones?
15-20 degrees
What is the technique for the Camp Coventry Method?
70 kVp and 4 mAs
Where is the metatarsalphalangeal joint
see picture
To decrease the angle to the anterior surface of the foot to the lower leg is called?
dorsiflex
How much CR angle and what direction is the CR for the Rosenberg method?
10 degrees caudal
How much is the knee flexed in the Beclere method?
40-45 degrees
To properly visualize the joint space in an AP foot the CR must be at what angle?
it must be perpendicular to the metatarsals ( 15 degrees)
Which joint surfaces of the ankle are most commonly open
medial and superior
How many articular facets make up the subtalar joint?
3
A radiograph of an AP medial oblique projection of the foot should demonstrate?
the 3-5 metatarsals free from superimposition
Which projection will best demonstrate evidence of Osgood -Schlatters disease?
AP and Lateral knee
In the AP weight-bearing feet projection how much and which way is the CR angled?
15 degrees posteriorly
Where is the adductor tubercle?
see image
In the sesamoid tangential projection, how much angle from vertical is the foot dorsiflexed?
15 to 20 angle from vertical
What CR angulation is recommended for an AP projection of the knee for a patient with an ASIS to tabletop measurment of 18 cm?
3-5 degrees caudal
How much rotation from AP will typically produce a mortise view of the ankle?
15-20 degrees
All three Holmblad methods require the patient to lean forward how far?
20 to 30 degrees forward
What is the technique for the AP WB Knee?
70 kVp and 5 mAs
Which projection of the ankle will best demonstrate the open joint space of the lateral aspect of the ankle joint?
mortise
Extending the toes downward or pointing the foot is called?
plantarflexion
Camp Coventry method is done prone with the knee flexed at what angle?
40 to 50 degree angle
How much of the distal tib-fib should be visible on the weight-bearing lateral foot projection?
a minimum of 1 inch of distal tib-fib
Which CR angle should be used for a mediolateral projection of a knee on a short wide pelvis patient?
7-10 cephalic
What is the minimum amount of distal metatarsals that should be visualized on a sesamoid projection?
3
The profiled appearance of the adductor tubercle and excessive superimposition of the fibular head and neck on a mediolateral projection of the knee indicates?
underrotation of the knee toward the IR
What are stress views of the ankles used for?
evaluate ankle joint for joint separation and ligament tear or rupture
Which routine should be performed for the second toe?
Lateral -medio projection
Which projection of the knee will best demonstrate the neck of the fibula without superimposition of the tibia?
oblique with medial rotation
How much flexion of the knee is recommended for the lateral projection of the patella?
5-10 degrees
For the stress view of the ankle from a true AP position which way is inversion and which way is eversion?
inversion is stressing the ankle medially and eversion is stressing the ankle laterally
How should the CR be directed for the Beclere method?
perpendicular to the lower leg
How much are the knees flexed in the Rosenberg method?
45 degrees
Where is the CR placed for a mediolateral projection of the calcaneus?
1 inch inferior to the medial malleolus
What is the technique for the AP WB ankle?
60 kVp and 4 mAs
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