Biology T4 | Baamboozle - Baamboozle | The Most Fun Classroom Games!

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cycle involving changes in the ovaries and the lining of the uterus

menstrual cycle

male reproductive organ that transfers sperm into the female

penis

role of mitosis in the body

growth, repair, replacement and asexual reproduction

hormone responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics

testosterone

tube that receives the penis during sexual intercourse

vagina

nuclear division producing genetically identical cells

mitosis

length of DNA that codes for a protein

gene

example of natural selection in bacteria

antibiotic-resistant bacteria

sex chromosome combination in males

XY

number of chromosome pairs in a human diploid cell

23 pairs

phenotypic ratios produced by monohybrid crosses

1

1 or 3

1

process where humans choose organisms with desired traits

selective breeding

process where better adapted organisms are more likely to survive and reproduce

natural selection

tube that carries the egg from the ovary to the uterus

oviduct

nucleus containing one set of chromosomes

haploid

ring of muscle at the lower end of the uterus

cervix

type of variation with no intermediates

discontinuous variation

result of chromosome separation during mitosis

same chromosome number in daughter cells

observable characteristics of an organism

phenotype

organ where a fetus develops

uterus

gland that adds fluid to sperm to form semen

prostate gland

part of the sperm containing enzymes to digest the egg coating

acrosome

passing of genetic information from one generation to the next

inheritance

adaptive feature of sperm that provides energy

mitochondria

aim of selective breeding over many generations

improve crop plants and domesticated animals

all living things of the same species in the same habitat

population

gamete that is small, motile and produced in large numbers

male gamete

tube that carries urine and semen out of the body

urethra

gamete that is large, non-motile and produced in small numbers

female gamete

division that halves the chromosome number

meiosis

tube that carries sperm from the testes to the urethra

sperm duct

genetic make-up of an organism

genotype

sex chromosome combination in females

XX

egg cell feature that changes after fertilisation to prevent entry of more sperm

jelly coat

type of variation showing a range of values

continuous variation

nucleus containing two sets of chromosomes

diploid

genetic change that creates new alleles

mutation

infection transmitted through sexual contact

sexually transmitted infection

fusion of the nuclei of a sperm and an egg cell

fertilisation

structure made of DNA that carries genetic information

chromosome

type of cell division that produces gametes

meiosis

diagram used to predict offspring genotypes

Punnett square

allele expressed when present in the genotype

dominant allele

ways the spread of STIs can be controlled

use of condoms, testing, treatment, limiting sexual partners

diagram used to track inheritance through generations

pedigree diagram

two identical homozygous individuals that always produce the same offspring

pure-breeding

adaptive feature of egg cells that provides food for the embryo

energy stores

having two different alleles for a gene

heterozygous

alternative form of a gene

allele

differences between individuals of the same species

variation

whether a heterozygous individual is pure-breeding

no

hormone responsible for female secondary sexual characteristics

oestrogen

adaptive feature of sperm used for movement

flagellum

part of the male reproductive system that produces sperm

testes

part of the female reproductive system that produces egg cells

ovaries

process that copies chromosomes before mitosis

DNA replication

having two identical alleles for a gene

homozygous

ways HIV can be transmitted

sexual contact, sharing needles, blood transfusions, mother to child

allele expressed only when no dominant allele is present

recessive allele

pathogen that causes an STI and attacks the immune system

HIV

disease that may develop from HIV infection

AIDS

part of the male reproductive system that keeps the testes at the correct temperature

scrotum